Browsing by Subject "Rural Livelihood"
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Item Community Forest and Rural Livelihood(A case study of Guhele Chhopnarayan Community Forest of Gupteshwor VDC, Dawan, Bhojpur)(Department of Geography, 2008) Rai, Saran KumarNot AvailableItem Impact of Bee-Keeping on Rural Livelihood (A Case Study of Bharatpokhari VDC, Kaski)(Central Department of Sociology, 2012-07) Sharma Subedi, NirmalaThe dissertation entitled “Impact of Bee-keeping in Rural Livelihood (A case study of Bharatpokhari VDC, Kaski)” for the fulfillment of Master Degree in Anthropology. In Nepal, bee-keeping is done from the very ancient age in traditional way. With the development of various technologies, bee-keeping has developed and nowadays it has been doing in modern from. Because of the religious importance and medicinal qualities, the demand of honey is increasing day by day which shows the good future of beekeeping. To find out the impact of bee-keeping in study area, many related questions were asked and try to find out bee-keepers perception, knowledge, skill, etc. Descriptive and exploratory methods are used in this study as per the requirement. Among 276 households, 56 respondents were selected through the stratified random sampling. For that necessary primary and secondary data and related published and unpublished books, reports, booklets, bulletins, magazine, etc. has analyzed. To find out the fact, researcher has done various methods such as pilot survey, field visit, rapport building, etc. From the study, it has found that the bee-keepers of this area are satisfied with bee-keeping. Through this, social relations of the bee-keepers have upgraded. The change brought by the application of modern tools and technique and cash oriented farming on farmer’s socio-economic status is significant. In recent time beekeeping is the interested occupation by the intellectual. It is found that almost all respondents are benefited from bee-keeping and their status of living is comfortable. The positive impact of bee-keepers on livelihood could not be underestimated. The importance of bees and its products in human health is great. After the study, researcher has organized it into six chapters. The first chapter deals with the Introduction and background of the bee-keeping of study area. The second chapter is all about the Review of literature. The third chapter is Research methods, where selection of the study Area, Research Design, Nature and source of data, Questionnaire schedule, etc are included. Likewise Environmental Setting of the study Area is described in chapter four, similarly chapter five is Data analysis and presentation and final chapter i.e. chapter six is related to Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation. At the end Bibliography and Appendixes has includedItem Impact of Micro-Hydro Project on Rural Livelihood in Nepal A Case Study of Niduwa khola Micro-Hydro Project in Chainpur Municipality 1, Yangsijung, Nundhaki of Sankhuwasabha District(Central Department of Rural Development, 2017) Shrestha, MenukaNot AvailableItem Impact of Remittance on Rural Livelihood: A Case Study of Ashner,Tikapur Municipality, Nepal(Central Department of Rural Development, 2017) Dhamala, ShobhaNot AvailableItem Impact of Remmitance on Rural Livelihood:A Case Study of Lumde VDC, Ilam District, Nepal(Central Department of Rural Development, 2017) Darlami, Dhan KumariRemittance economy is directly related to human resource and human resource is the wealth ofNation.This study is based on the Impact of Remittance in Rural Livelihood-A Case Study of Lumde VDCin Ilam District. The main objectives of the study are to analyze the situation inflows of remittance athousehold level, analyze the remittance use pattern in study area and to compare the socio economicstatus of the remittance recipients before and after receiving remittance. The researchwasconducted under ‘descriptive and explanatoryresearchdesign’. Itwas used to fulfillthe objectives of the study area. A total no. of households 122 among them there were 35 householdswere selectedforpurposive sampling.Bothprimaryandsecondary datawerecollected from differentsources.Primarydatawere collected through structured questionnairesurvey for before and afterreceiving remittancehousehold.While secondary datawere collected from,various publishedandunpublished information sources i.e. books, journals, annual reports and other official sources.Rremittance incomes werereceived from Malaysia, Saudi, United Arabs Emirates Dubai, Qatar, Omanand India. The share of remittance received from abroad is the highest from Malaysia and Saudi (30percent),Dubai and Qatar(14 percent) andother remaining countries hold only 2 percent theywereOman, Kuwait, Uk, Japan, India and USA. Most of the people entered the foreign countries throughagent(49 percent) which was highest due toinaccessibility to reach far away bigger cities but the agent were available excessively in the remotevillage . It was 20 percent through visa sent by relatives and direct contact with Manpower Companywas 31 percent.Among the foreign employment, about 51 percent (highest percentile) earn incomebetween the rangesofRs. 30000 to50000per months. Similarly, 29 percent earned income Rs.15000 to30000per month,11 percent employee earned income Rs .more than 50000per month,9 percentemployee earned less than 15000 per month, whichwas the lowest. Most of the remittance-receivinghousehold remitted from IME(International Money Express) which was 77.14 percent as this was the reliable means of sending and receiving money. The second popular means was finance and bank, whichcovers14.28 percent of total remit income. Finally, the last was Hundi it holds 8.57percent of totalincome.Respondents investtheir remitted money in shop with the percentof 14.28 and11.42percentwas utilized in dairy,Tailoring was of 8.57 percent in the same way, hotel occupy 14.28 percent,Teaindustry, cardamom and buying land carried 8.57, 28.57 and 14.28 respectively. Maximum amount ofremittancewasused in cardamom productionand earned good profit. Second most of remittanceamountwas invested in shop, hotel and buying land. Lastly, tailoring and tea industry figured out thelowest investment.Theremainedremittance were utilize for their basicneeds and daily needssuch as,food, clothes ,Transportation, medicine, education,Television ,mobile etc.Out of their total expenditureRS178,000 amount spending on furtherinvestment in economic activity which is the highest amount ofshare comparing with other expenditure of sample household. Before remittance number of boysstudent were 62.5 percent and girls were 37.5 percent. However, it was 61.90 percent for boys and38.09 percent for girls before and after remittance respectively. Number of girls’ students increasedafter remittance. Agricultural production before remittance was increase for 35.29 percent of respondents. It wasdecreasefor 23.52 percent and as usual for 41.17 percent. After remittance, the agricultural productionwas 22.22 percent increase, 27.77 percent decrease and 50 percent as usual. After remittance,agricultural production was lowest due to less availability of working age groups in the village.Surveyedhouses children's were attending boarding schools whereas before their parents were not engaged inforeign employment they were student of government schools. It is because of the negative thinkingtowards the teaching of government schools, the consciousness of their children’s education, andbecause of improved economic condition.Item Impacts of Climate Change on Rural Livelihood and Its Adaptation Practices A Case Study from Fulkharka VDC of Dhading District, Nepal(Department of Rural Development, 2011) Adhikari, Soni DeviClimate change is one of the most serious challenges of this century for sustainable development whose impact is of great concern to humanity. Although Nepal has a negligible share in the global emissions of greenhouse gases, it is more vulnerable to climate change impact due to its fragile mountain ecosystems.A study entitled “Impacts of Climate Change on Rural Livelihoods and itsAdaptation Practices: A Case Study from Fulkharka VDC of Dhading District”was carried out in Fulkharka VDC in Dhading district of Nepal, to assess people's understanding on climate change, explore its impacts on their livelihoods and document how they are coping with those impacts. Various PRA tools like household interview (n=51), group discussions (3), key informants survey (6) and trend analysis were used for collecting primary data. Meteorological data and different published & unpublished literatures were used for collecting secondary data. Data were analyzed using Ms-excel and SPSS-11.5 and presented using tables, graphs and diagrams. The first research question was how people understand the climate change.The study revealed that 41% respondents were familiar with the concepts and remaining had no idea on climate change but they understood that their local climate is changing in some or other way. Their perception on the warming coincides with the local meteorological data which depicts that the mean annual temperature is increasing by 0.062°C.Various methods of research and 43%responses shows that the timing pattern of rainfall, intensity and amount of rain fall also changed from 5-6 years. Similarly 97% respondents have experienced that the time of drought, temperature and other climatic factors have changed due to X climate change. While assessing the impacts of climate change experienced by the people, results shows that the climate change had several impacts on the rural livelihoods. More than97% people are agreed with the observed impacts were decreasing in agriculture production, loss in biodiversity. Only 2% respondents are not agreed with decreasing in water resources, and increase in health hazards.It has shifted the cropping pattern, changing the ripening time of various local fruits, different flora and fauna are going to endangered. The third research question was how the people were adapting to the changing climate. It was found that people applied some adaptation strategies such as changing cropping time,crop type and rain water harvesting, installing improved cooking stoves,plantation of plants, soil conservation.In the research area only 12% respondents have planted cash crops because of decreasing the productivity of traditional crops, Though they did not have enough knowledge about the mitigation measures,they were protecting forests, and maintaining home gardens that could reduce the rate and volume of greenhouse gas emissions. There is an urgent need to formulate adaptive strategies for changing climate in the agricultural field, health, water resources and biodiversity sector from concerned authorities. Awareness, capacity building, and knowledge could beextended at local level. Policy has to be developed at national level for managing future risks and for integrating climate risk management into developments trategies.Item The Impacts of Remittance on Rural Livelihood: A Case Study of Sanba VDC, Taplejung District, Nepal(Department of Rural Development, 2016) Limbu, Nabina SanbaNot AvailableItem Impacts of Remittance on Rural Livelihood: A Case Study of Ward No. 1 And 2 of Bhimeshwor Municipality, Dolakha(2016) Shrestha, SakchhyamThis study entitled “Impacts of Remittance on Rural Livelihood: A Case Study of Ward No. 1 & 2 of Bhimeshwor Municipality, Dolakha” was conducted with the objectives to analyze the pattern of use of remittance, assess the contribution of remittance in economic status of the people before and after remittance and evaluate challenges ofproductive use of remittance in the study area. This study is mainly based on the primary information and the data collected by using the questionnaire of household survey, checklist of field observation & schedule of key informant interview. As per need some of the relevant secondary data were also used to enrichment this study. This study has used descriptive cum explorative research design because this study attempts to describe the situation of study area basically before and after in-flow of remittance. Study has found that before going for foreign employment the sample populations were engaged in different sectors like agriculture, labor, job etc. Out of the total respondents, 29 percent was engaged in agriculture, 18 percent in business, 12 percent were labor, 15 percent in job and the rest were unemployed. As occupation in foreign countries most of them have been working as an industrial labor in foreign land. The figure shows that the workers working as household worker are only 6 percent. It is due to the lack of skills and education before foreign employment. From the survey, it was found that the workers in foreign employment had an income between 41000 and 100000 per month. This was a lot more than what they used to have before foreign employment. The remitted amount was spent on different sectors like health, education, land, house, etc. Out of total surveyed56 percent of the sample population gone for foreign employment was found married. After marriage, the workers were unable to feed the family in a proper way. There was comparatively more responsibility in a married man to unmarried. So, they chose foreign employment for the betterment of their family No doubt, remittances contribute largely to the national economy. The remittances sent home by the migrants affect development at both the household and national levels. At the household level, remittances help to reduce poverty, improve standard of living and attain higher educational levels. At the macro level, remittances could be used for entrepreneurship and productive investment which in turn increases job opportunities and income of the people. At the same time, remittance inflows help to augment foreign exchange reserves and improve the current account position. Despite these facts,many issues have beenraiseddue to foreign employment. The various problems like lack of manpower, unproductive use of remittance, negative psychology on the children and other various social conflicts have been found due to foreign employment. Foreign Employment has no longer solution to eradicate the problems like poverty, unemployment, and cannot root-out from the list of less-developing countries. Utilization of remittance income in productive sector has been a major concern. Major portion of remittance has been spent for consumption purpose and such consumption is attributed to imports which consequently has enriched trade deficit. Study has concluded that the foreign employment is not a permanent solution for development of Nepal.Item Role of Farmer Managed Irrigation System in Rural Livelihood : A Case Study of Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Project in Durgauli VDC of Kailali District, Nepal(Department of Rural Development, 2016) Budha, PushkarIrrigation plays a major role in the developing country like Nepal where almost 80% people are still dependent in agriculture to increase the production and in order to sustain the livelihood of the people. FMIS proves as the milestone for the economic growth of the people and to bring major transformation in the lives of the people. The share of FMIS in the irrigated agriculture is almost 70% in Nepal. To know about the balance water uses for sustaining livelihood and to relate in with available data, a study was carried out in Durgauli VDC of Kailali district. Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Project has a great contribution in the complete transformation of the Durgauli VDC. The main objectives of the study is to find out the role of former managed irrigation system in Rural Livelihood. The research tries to access the farmer managed irrigation system use of water for rural livelihood factors influencing participation for the effective management of water and the impact of irrigation management in the study area and what take change the irrigation project in rural livelihood. Literature review was conducted through various sources such as previous studies report. Different articles about FMIS, previous thesis and internet to identify the gap. The research was conducted under descriptive and exploratory research design. Both primary and secondary information were collected during the course of study. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaire survey from the farmers. Key informant interview, field visit, observation and focus group discussion were also carried out while secondary data were collected from various published and unpublished information source i.e. relevant literatures, books, journals reports, annual reports and other official sources. The farmers have observed the complete transformation in the livelihood of the people with 60 percent growth in investments, 30 percent growth in their savings 10 percent growth in access to education as the major economic changes, likewise 50 percent increased in the construction of road, 30 percent increase in the construction of houses, 10 percent increase in the construction of canals and 2 percent increase in the construction of agro processing centre an physical sectors. The level of production has increased by about 75 percent in the study area. With the availability of irrigation, farmer in the area have started growing potatoes twice a year which has been the major source of the income. Irrigation has major impact in the decision making of women which in 60 percent followed by 30 percent the development of self-help group and 10 percent conflict resolution. Irrigation has also played secondary role in the establishment of cooperative and has highly contributed in education of sector, physical infrastructure, economic growth and in the overall development of the study area. Farmer are actively participating in the effective management of water which helps of sustain the long terms of the project. Thus, FMIS has a great significance for community development, enhancing opportunities to participate for farmers including women and small farmers in the mainstream of development which provides over all rural development.Item Socio-Economic Impact of Climate Change in rural Livelihood: A Case Study of Janakinagar VDC, Kailali, Nepal(Department of Rural Development, 2016) Singh, Bharat BahadurClimate change is in the center of contemporary environmental discussions. The negative consequences of climate change have already been realized in many places around the world and it is predicted that the consequences would be more servere in the future. The issue of climate change is particularly related to resource dependent communities because they are considered to be most susceptible to the impacts of biophysical changes. The impact of climate change in natural resources on rural livelihood. Climate change is the global issues. It is directly or indirectly affection livelihood. So, we want to know awareness level of community people on climate change and its impact. The main objective of their study was to examine the situation of climate change in the study area in last 30 years and analyze the impact of climate change in natural resource on rural livelihood with the copping mechanism of people against climate change impact. The study is based on descriptive research design. The universe of the study was 195 households out of 50 sample household have been selected in sampling procedure with random sampling for interview survey. Nature of data were qualitative form and it showed in percentage, bar-diagram and pie-chart to analyze from survey from primary data were collected by household survey, key informant interview, focus group discussion, field observation research article, case studies, papers, journals etc. More than 80 percent households responded that they have perceived increase temperature and unpredictable rainfall pattern. People have observed unexpected changes in their weather, water and environment. More then 60% respondents experienced increasing warm days and shortening cold winter days. 70% of the respondent reported that the rainfall pattern is changing in the area since last 3 decades. Climate change has affected agriculture production and human health, water resource is decreasing. Only 24 percent were found to have enough production of food grains and 16 percent, 28 percent, 32 percent were found to have food sufficient for 0-3 months, 0-6 months, 0-9 months respectively. So, people are separating from their traditional occupation, way of life and they are seeking alternative professions. Local adaptive capacity was poor knowingly or unknowingly some copping strategies like use of boarding to irrigation land an loose check dam to flood control or ripening Nurcut were adopted within the community. There is an urgent need to formulate adaptive strategies for food security. Climate change induced disasters in the area with dissemination of information about climate change. It is concluded that climate change is creating multidimensional impacts of the life of rural communities. Adaptation practices must be development and awareness level of the people on climate change. The systematic collection of such information would allow scientist, researchers and policy makers to be design and implement appropriate adaptation strategies for climate change in the area that are especially vulnerable.Item Socio-Economic Impact on Community Forest A Case Study of Maulakali Community Forest User Group inNawalparasi District(Department of Economics, 2008) Tiwari, Samjhananot available