Browsing by Subject "Teaching methods"
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Item Application of recent strategies in teaching English(Department of English Education, 2016) Basnet, KalyanThis research entitled Application of Recent Strategies in Teaching English aimed to find out the application of recent strategies at secondary level in private schools. In order to achieve objectives, a research tool, questionnaire, for teachers was prepared. The researcher purposively selected 30 secondary and lower secondary English teachers of 10 different private schools of Tanahun district. The study found that most of the teachers used communicative language teaching and project based technique as their main strategies in teaching English. The present study consists of five chapters. The first chapter contains background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, and delimitations of the study and operational definitions of the key terms. The second chapter consists of review of theoretical literature, review of the empirical literature, implications of the review of the study and conceptual framework. The third chapter consists of research design and methods of the study, population, sample and sampling strategies, study area/field, data collection tools and techniques, data collection procedures and data analysis and interpretation procedures. The fourth chapter is analysis and interpretation of the results and the fifth chapter summarizes the whole study by presenting the findings and pedagogical implicationsItem Causes of low performance of students in mathematics(Department of Mathematics Education, 2019) Pokharel, Som PrakashThis study focused on the causes of low performance of students in mathematics in Gorkha district. This study has addressed the question: what are the causes of the low performance in mathematics? How can the student’s performance in mathematics be improved? To answer this research questions, I selected the qualitative design with case study approach. This study was conducted with the sample of four students of grade X. The sample was chosen purposively according to the performance in mathematics and different family background of the case school. Direct interview with four low performer students in mathematics, classroom observation, respective teacher, head teacher and parents of the school were taken. Classroom was done regularly for thirty days during the teaching learning activities. Collected information was analyzed by using different theories to produce the information and draw conclusion on the study. It is found that socio economics status was very poor, learning cultures was negative, parents and peer influences negative learning attitude and poor facilities classroom, management, traditional teaching methods, lack of reinforcement and feedback in classroom, qualification and training of teacher, irregularity of students, lack of teaching materials and poor interaction system are the main causes of low performance in mathematics. And further it was found that the remedial ways to maintain high performance in mathematics were: making teaching learning activities more interesting teaching mathematics through understanding the mathematical concept, improving school and home environment of the child.Item Classroom Activities in Teaching Speaking Skill(Faculty of Education Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal, 2017) Aryal, SitaThe present study classroom activities in teaching speaking skill aims at findings the strategies of students` activities in teaching speaking skills. For this study, I selected ten English teachers and thirty students of secondary level from Kathmandu district by applying non-random sampling procedure. A questionnaire consisting of both closed-ended and open-ended questions were used the research tools for data collection. The major findings of this study used of gestures, facial expression, and eye contact with the students‟ performance capacity and skills of students in teaching speaking were found more effective strategies in private school than government-aided schools. The findings of this study teaching speaking skills were good private schools than government aided schools. Speaking skills were very good of the students because it helps the students' pronunciation, vocabulary, speech and sound. It was found that about of the classes had good teaching speaking skill. However some of the schools of them had just speaking which were the results of poor concentration of the teachers in the classroom. This study consists of five chapters. The first chapter deals with background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitation of the study, and operational definition of the key terms. The second chapter presents the review of the related literature and conceptual framework. Similarly the third chapter deals collection tools and techniques, data collection procedures and data analysis and interpretation procedure. Likewise, the forth chapter presents the systematically collected data which have been analyzed and interpreted descriptively and analytically and this chapter also presents major findings and summary and analytically and this chapter also presents major findings and summary of the study on the basis of analysis and interpretation. The final, that is, fifth chapter deals with conclusions and recommendations on the basis of the major findings of the study. The fifth chapter is also followed by the references and appendices.Item Classroom activities of novice English language teachers(Department of English Education, 2023) Badu, PushpaThe present research study entitled "Classroom Activities of Novice English Language Teachers" was carried out to analyze the classroom activities used by Novice English language teachers. This was a survey research. The population of the study include Novice English language teachers of primary and secondary school of darchula district. I purposively selected Twelve teachers who have not crossed two years of real teaching experience from six different schools through non random sampling procedure. Observation checklist were the main tools that were used to collect tha data. The data were analyzed and interpreted using statical tools such as table bar digram and percentage. The finding of the present study demonstrate that the most of the novice English language teachers classroom activities. It was found that novice English language teacher less preparation regarding the initiation of the lesion. The novice teahers mostly concentrated only on the subject matters. More used the lecture method. The teacher less preparation of instructional materaials and repetation of the same words of phrases. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter deals with general background, statement of the problem, objectives, and delimitations of the study, significance of the study, and operational definitions of the key terms. The second chapter consists of review of both theoretical and empirical literature with a conceptual framework. The third chapter deals with methodology containing design of the study, sources of data collection, population and sampling of the study, sampling procedures, tools for data collection, and data analysis and interpretation procedure. Results and a discussion of the data are included in the fourth chapter. The study's summary, conclusion, and consequences are covered in the fifth chapter. Reference and appendix are included at the end of the study.Item Classroom Management and Learning English at Pre Primary Level(Faculty of Education Tribhuvan University Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal, 2016) Shrestha, Khagendra KumarThe research work entitled Classroom Management and Learning English at Pre Primary Level aimed at exploring the state of learning English and teaching learning status of the English language at pre primary level. For this purpose, I have selected single teacher out of total teachers from pre primary level in Ilam district as a sample. Open ended questionnaire and observation checklist were administered for collecting data as a data collection tools. The collected data were analyzed by using both descriptive and statistical approach of data analysis. From the analysis of the collected data it was found that the status and state of English language of pre primary level was poor in this level, almost all the time teacher used Nepali language in the classroom. Minimum materials needed to teach in the classroom were also not available in the child development center. There was insufficient exposure of the English language in classroom. The quality of the teacher was satisfactory but it seemed that there was the lack of practical implication of what they have as a theoretical knowledge in their mind. This thesis has been organized into five chapters. Chapter one deals with the introduction, background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations of the study and operational definitions of the key terms. Chapter two deals with the review of the related theoretical literature, review of the empirical literature, implications of the review for the study and conceptual framework of the study. Chapter three includes methodology adopted to carry out the research. It contains design of the study, population, sample and sampling procedure, data collection tools and techniques, data collection procedure and data analysis and interpretation procedure. Similarly, chapter four deals with the analysis and interpretation of the results and summary of the findings. Chapter five contains the conclusions and recommendation of the study. The references and appendices are attached to the concluding part of the thesis.Item Developing Speaking Skill through Task Based Language Teaching(Faculty of Education Tribhuvan University Janta Multiple Campus, Itahari, Sunsari, Nepal, 2016) Raya, DikendraThis research report Developing Speaking Skill through Task Based Language Teaching was aimed to find out the roles of Task Based Language Teaching in teaching English as a foreign language at the secondary level students‟ oral performance, enlist effective tasks and suggest some ways to develop speaking skill. It has been carried out practically. For this purpose, Public Higher Secondary School Dharan-13 was selected by purposive sampling method and 40 students from grade IX were taken as sample population. Test items and questionnaires were the main tools for data collection. A pre-test was administered to determine the existing proficiency level of the students. They were divided into two groups: experimental and control group on the basis of the sections they belonged to. After dividing them into two groups, both groups were taught 25 lesson plans separately. After completion of teaching 25 lesson plans, a post-test was administered using the same test item of the pretest. Then performance scores of the students of both tests were compared and analyzed. The main finding of the research is that use of task based language teaching was found more effective for developing speaking ability than traditional way of teaching. This thesis consists of five chapters. Each chapter is divided into different sub-chapters. The first chapter is an introductory chapter. It includes general background, statement of the problem, rationale of the research, objectives of the research, research questions, significance of the study and delimitations. The second chapter deals with the review of the related literature, implications of related literature, theoretical and conceptual framework. The third chapter deals with the methodology. It includes design of the study, sources of data, sample population, sampling 10 procedure, data collection tools, data collection process and data analysis and interpretation procedure. The fourth chapter deals with results and discussion. It includes interpretation of pretest and posttest, interpretation of students‟ responses and ways to develop students‟ speaking ability. The fifth chapter deals with summary, conclusions and implications.Item Effectiveness of Geogebra in Learning Geometry(Department of Mathematics Education, 2020) Pokharel, SitaThis study entitled “Effectiveness of GeoGebra in Learning Geometry”. The objectives of this study is to analyse the achievement of student with and without using GeoGebra in teaching geometry and to explore the perception of student towards GeoGebra in learning geometry at grade X. This study employs quasi- experimental design with constructivist approach. For this purpose two public school were selected by purposive sampling method were experimental and control groups where made homogeneous group as far as possible by selecting two similar status schools with respect to physical facilities (infrastructure) and cognitive knowledge of students. Experimental and control groups were selected through lottery method out of 60 students from Mangal secondary school and Janasewa Secondary School, Kirtipur Kathmandu. The experimental group was taught by using GeoGebra while control group was taught without using GeoGebra (traditional method) on the topic of circle and area of triangle. Pre-test and post- test were carried out simultaneously on the group using teacher made achievement test. The data was collected using achievement test and interview schedule and were analysed by inferential statistical (mean, variance, standard deviation and t-test) for quantative data while qualitative data was analysed by descriptive and thematic approach. From this study, it was found that the GeoGebra assisted teaching method was more useful to make classroom interesting, practical and live. It is recommended that teacher should incorporate GeoGebra in teaching and learning geometry.Item Effectiveness of Lexical Approach In Teaching English Vocabulary(Faculty of Education Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur Kathmandu, Nepal, 2016) Khanal, NamrataThis research entitled Effectiveness of Lexical Approach in Teaching Vocabulary was an attempt to find out the effectiveness of lexical approach in vocabulary teaching in the English language classroom. To carry out this research work, 40 students studying at grade 8 in Shree Dharma Secondary School, Bhimad 1 Tanahun, were selected as sample of the study and they were selected purposively. A set of test item was constructed selecting the vocabularies from grade 8 textbook as the tool for collecting required data. Before starting experimental teaching, the students were pre-tested to determine their proficiency level in vocabulary items. They were divided into odd and even ranking on the basis of the performance of the pre-test. As it was experimental research, the two groups were named as experimental and control group. The intervention using lexical approach continued for 26 days to the experimental group. On the other hand, the control group was taught using vocabulary through the use of classical approach and techniques like translation, definition. After the completion of one month intervention, posttest was undertaken using the same pre-test items. The results of both pre-test and post-test were compared to determine the effectiveness of two different techniques. In result, experimental group excelled control group in post-test. So, it is evident that vocabulary items taught through the use of lexical approach showed significant progress in the vocabulary achievement of the student. This research work has been divided into five different chapters. The first chapter is the introduction which deals with the background of the study,objectives of the study, research questions, significance and limitations of the study and operational definitions of the key terms. The Second chapter deals with review of the related literatures and conceptual frame work of the study. The third chapter deals with the research methodology under which research design, population of the study, sample and sampling strategies were included. It also consists study area/field, tools for data collection, its procedures and at 9 last data analysis and interpretation procedures. Similarly, the fourth chapter consists of analysis and interpretation of result and summary of the findings. The fifth chapter includes conclusion and recommendations of the study. The Recommendations are provided to the policy makers, practitioners and further researchers.Item Effectiveness of Model Textdeconstruction Process in Teachingwriting Skills(Faculty of Education, 2010) Ghimire, Hari PrasadEveryone realizes that teaching writing is the most difficult skill of thefour skills in language teaching. However, if some procedures arefollowed, it can be easy. This thesis is basically a comparative studybetween parallel writing and modeltext deconstruction approach inteaching writing skills. The main objective of the study was to find outthe effectiveness of model text deconstruction approach in teachingwriting skills in secondary level. The model text deconstruction is a newprocessin the context of Nepal in secondary level. I thought, if thisprocess is development in writing skills, it helps the learner develop theirwriting skills and a good process of teaching writingcan be developed.From the study, it was found that the model text deconstruction process inhighly more effective than the parallel writing and it is easy for thestudents to develop their writing skills. Therefore, the students presentedgood performancein MTDP than in PWP.This thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter introduces thestudyin terms of general background review of related literature,objectives and significance of the study. The second chapter explains themethodology. It deals with the sources of data, population of the study,sample population, tools for the data collection, process of data collectionand collection and limitations of the study. The third chapter presents thefindings of the study and last, some recommendations and pedagogicalimplications have been made on the basis of the findings.Item Effectiveness of Project Work Techniquein Teaching Reading Skill(faculty education, 2010) Sharma, Lal PrasadThe present study entitled 'Effectiveness of Project Work Technique inTeaching Reading Skill' was carried out to determine the effectiveness ofproject work technique indeveloping reading skill. Students of class XIstudying at Parvat Multiple Campus, Phalewas, Parvat were the samplepopulation of this work. The tests (pre-and post) were the major tools for datacollection. A pre-test was administered before actual experimental classroomteaching and a post-test was administered immediately after classroomteaching. The researcher himself was involved in the experimental teaching forthe purpose of carrying out this research. After administering the pre-test, thestudentswere ranked from the first to the last positions on the basis of theresult of the pre-test. Then, they were divided into two groups taking the oddand even ranking into account. One group (group A) was taught using projectwork technique whereas anothergroup (group B) was taught using traditionaltechnique. Each group attended nineteen lessons. Then, a post-test was given.After that, the result of these tests were compared to determine theeffectiveness of project work technique in developing reading skill. From thisresearch it was found that students who were taught through project worktechnique performed better than the students who were taught throughconventional technique. The findings of this study were determined on thebasis of average marks obtained by the students and differences in percentage. This study consists of four chapters. Chapter one consists of brief introductionto related area of the study. It includes objectives, literature review, andsignificance of the study. Chapter two deals with the methodology andprocedure adopted during the study. Chapter three deals with the analysis andinterpretation of the study under different headings. Chapter four comprisesfindings and recommendations of the study in brief.Item Factors Affecting on Mathematics Achievement of Tharu Students(Department of Mathematics Education, 2017) Budha, Kamal BahadurThe objectives of this study were to find out the affecting factors on low achievements of Tharu students in mathematics and to analyze the effect of the factors on mathematics achievements. The study used mixed design research (qualitative and quantitative). The researcher used the questionnaire form contained 40 statements on the basis three components: school related factors, home-related factors and personal related factors. The questionnaire administered among five-sample school community of Kailali District. The mean score and chi-square test was use to investigate the affecting factor on low achievement of Tharu student's at Kailali district. To analyze the effect of factors on mathematics achievement, the researcher used in -depth interview and class observation note. The researcher included 10 students (7 boys and 3girls), 6 teachers, and 5 parents of Kailali District for the in-depth interview. This information was derived from in-depth interview of sample students by using qualitative and cross-match method. The researcher also observed mathematics classes as it specifically addressed the utilization of students' in-depth interview and the need to understand the problem of Tharu students on separate academic domain in research. The major findings that emerged from participants' responses included parents' education, house workloads, economic condition, prior knowledge, gender, language, school environment, teaching methods and teacher/students interaction. Besides, school administration, which managed instruction materials, teaching method as well as experienced and trained teacher that played major roles in the mathematics achievement.Item Factors Affecting the Student Success: A Survey Study(Department of Mathematics Education, 2021) Bastola, RewatThe primary purpose of the study was to examine the factors affecting students’ success in mathematics. The researcher used a descriptive survey was implemented in order to collect data from the sampled group to complete the study. Eighty students from two schools participated and completed the questionnaire. The researchers analysed the questionnaire data using mean and frequency by performing SPSS 16.0 setting 0.05 level of significance, whereas, the interview data were managed and analyzed using computer program NVivo 12 plus. The findings of the study explored that work load and motivation were highly correlated. Furthermore, teaching methods and home background were not correlated. In addition to this the researcher found that motivation and prior knowledge in mathematics had highly influenced on students’ final grade. Moreover, peer interaction had valuable proportion of contribution to the final achievement of students in mathematics. However, some certain aspects and components of adopted model need to be upgraded in terms of the context of educational setting. Thus, it is important to take into account students success in mathematics in order to implement different model based learning for mathematics teaching and learning and to have comprehensible understanding of the factors that benefit and hinder the academic progress of an individual’s education.Item Learning Strategies Adopted By Tharu Learners at Secondary Level(Faculty of Education Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur Kathmandu, Nepal, 2017) Tharu, RameshThe present study entitled Learning Strategies Adopted by Tharu Learners at Secondary Level aims to identify the learning strategies used by Tharu learners at secondary level while learning English language. Survey design was followed to complete this study. The study was carried out by using both primary and secondary sources of data. For fulfilling this research, the researcher selected forty Tharu students as sample population from different five secondary level government aided schools of Banke district. The researcher applied simple random sampling procedure to select the respondents. He used a set of questionnaire consisting of close-ended questions for the students only as a tool for data collection. The data were analyzed and interpreted by using simple statistical tool like percentage and presented with the help of tables. From the obtained data, it was found that all kinds of learning strategies such as cognitive, metacognitive and socio-affective were used by the Tharu students, but among these, cognitive strategies were used much by the Tharu students. However, they did not use socioaffective to a greater extent. This study consists of five chapters viz. introduction, review of related literature, methods and procedures of the study, analysis and interpretation of data, and findings, conclusion and recommendations. The first chapter deals with background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations of the study and operational definitions of the key terms. In the second chapter, the researcher has mentioned the review of theoretical literature, review of the empirical literature related to this research, implication of the review for the study and conceptual framework. The third chapter consists of method and procedures of the study, under which, design of the study, population, sample and sampling strategy, research tools, sources of data, data collection procedures, data analysis and interpretation procedures and ethical considerations. The four chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of results. Finally, the fifth chapter includes the findings, conclusion and recommendations of the study.Item Novice Teachers' Practices in Elt Classroom(Faculty of Education Tribhuvan University Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal, 2016) Adhikari, Om PrakashThis research entitled Novice Teachers' Practices in ELT Classroom is an attempt to find out the classroom practices of novice teachers to teach English skill. This study followed survey design. Five teachers of secondary level school and thirty students of the same level were sampled by purposive non random sampling procedure. I used both questionnaire and classroom observation checklist as tools to collect the data. Most of the novice teachers were found to be satisfactory in terms of entering behavior and evaluative behavior. However, they were not found to be satisfactory in terms of instructional behavior. Moreover, the students viewed that their teachers used lesson plan in the classroom but they rarely used teaching material in the classroom. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter deals with the introduction of the topic which includes background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research question, significance of the study, delimitations of the study, and operational definition of the key terms. The second chapter covers review of the theoretical literature, review of empirical literature, implications of the review for the study and conceptual framework. The third chapter deals with the methods and procedure of the study, which includes design of the study, study area, population, sample and sampling strategies, data collection tools and techniques, data collection procedures and data analysis and interpretation procedures. Likewise, the fourth chapter presents analysis and interpretation of the results and summary of findings. Fifth chapter deals with conclusions and recommendations followed by references and appendices.Item Quality of Translation In Terms Of Degrees Of Equivalence(Faculty of Education Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur Kathmandu, Nepal, 2017) Bhattarai, PrakashThis present research study entitled „Quality of Translation in Terms of Degrees of Equivalence: A Case of Seto Bagh was conducted to investigate the degrees of equivalence between two versions, their frequency and the techniques of translation and contribution of technique/s in optimum degree of equivalence. Both versions of the novel were used as the sources of data. Under survey design, interpretative and analytical procedures along with qualitative data were used. Fifty cultural terms were randomly selected from the novel named „The Wake of The White Tiger‟ and Seto Bagh and analyzed them under various techniques according to the meaning conveyed by them. The researcher categorized, analyzed and interpreted the data with the help of Ekta Comprehensive Nep- Eng Dictionary (1st ed.) and Oxford Advanced Learners‟ Dictionary (8th ed.). Among six degrees of equivalence, optimum degree of equivalence was the most frequent one which covered forty eight percent where as partial, poor and zero were found as least frequent ones, It was found that in addition to literal translation, sense translation, definition, substitution and transliteration were commonly employed techniques of translation . The thesis has been divided in to five chapters. First chapter entitled Introduction‟ includes background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations of the study, and operational definitions of the key terms. Similarly, second chapter entitled „Review of Related Literature and Conceptual Framework‟ illustrates the major study of translation like: language, culture, religion, translation studies, their relationship, techniques, gaps including introduction of the book. The third chapter „Methods and Procedures of the Study‟ includes major elements of the study especially design and method of the study, population , sample and sampling strategy, research tools, sources of data(primary and secondary), data collection procedures, data analysis and interpretation procedures and ethical considerations. Fourth chapter „Analysis and Interpretations of the Results‟ is the central essence of the study as it analyzes the data and interprets of the results. Fifth chapter „Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations‟ summarizes the findings with main conclusion and provides some suggestions as per the findings derived and with special recommendations in level wise.Item Strategies Used By English Teachers for Teaching Students in Heterogeneous Classes(Faculty of Education Tribhuvan University Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 2016) Paudel, Shiv RajItem Student's Difficulties in Learning School Geometry(Department of Mathematics Education, 2018) Mahato, SatrohanThis study intended to find out students difficulties in learning school geometry at Kathmandu. Main objectives of study were to find difficulties faced by the students in learning geometry and cause of difficulties in learning geometry. To fulfill above objectives the researcher conducted case study design with interview schedule and class observation form and descriptive method has used to interpret the obtained information.For this researcher selected one school from Kathmandu district by purposive sampling, this is Jana Sewa Higher Secondary School, Kirtipur. Eight students were selected for in depth interview. Similarly,mathematics teachers and head teacher and parent were also included for the interview. The findings of the study shows that, learning geometry in secondary level is affected by so many factors such as lack of encouragement for study, congested and uncomfortable classroom for students, unavailability of teaching learning materials, lack of trained teachers. Similarly,lack of physical facilities and improperly arrangement, lack of good administration and negligence of students in learning geometry etc. The cause of difficulties in learning geometry due to the lack of prerequisite knowledge,irregular in class attendance and method of teaching adopted by the teacher. Similarly,there is not proper interaction between teacher and students, not sufficiently practice at home and not getting appropriate problem solving ways and rules.Item A Study of Practices About Methods of Teaching In Mathematics At Grade V of Primary Level In Pokhara Sub-metropolitan(Faculty of Education, 2011) Rimal, ShibalalTeaching is an art so the teacher has the great responsibility to make teaching effective. Teacher must select the teaching method according to objective of lesson, nature of subject matter, ability of students, availability of teaching materials, physical facility of school and ability of teacher. The method must be child centered (students centered) rather than teacher centered. The student’s centered method may help in the achievement of knowledge and mathematical concept. The study comprised five chapters, first chapter deals with the introduction of the topic in which general background historical background, significance of the study, objective, definition of the term, delimitation of the study were included. Chapters two deals about the review of related literature. Chapter three deals about methodology in which researcher design, population, Sample data collection procedure and procedure of analysis of data. Chapter four deals about analysis and interpretation of data. At last chapter five represents summary, finding, conclusion and recommendation. The study was survey type. It is qualitative research. The researcher himself developed the class observation form on the basis of theoretical framework of teaching methods used in Nepal. The researcher selected 10 schools as sample five form private and five from public schools by random sampling. The obtained data were analyzed and the interpreted by finding percentage and drawing statistical bar diagram. The researcher analyzed that most of the schools have used lecture methods of teaching rather than other methods. The teachers had given more focus on teachers centered method than student centered methods.Item Teachers' Perceptions and Practices Of Scaffolding Tools in Elt Classes(Faculty of Education Tribhuvan University Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal, 2017) Purja, Bel BahadurThe present research study entitled Teachers’ Perceptions and Practices of Scaffolding Tools in ELT Classes aimed to identify the teachers' perceptions on the role of scaffolding tools and their practices in the use of scaffolding tools in ELT classes. To meet the objectives of this study, I purposively selected twenty secondary level English teachers and twenty secondary level schools of Myagdi district as sample. Purposive non-random judgmental sampling procedure was used to select the sample of this study. Questionnaire and classroom observation checklist were used to collect the data for this study. The findings of this study showed that 45 percent teachers were aware of scaffolding tools in teaching English. Questioning and motivation were the most used scaffolding tools in the ELT classroom to build interest and engage students in learning English as almost all the secondary level English teachers positively responded to these tools. Sixty percent teachers were found positive that investing the scaffolding and its various tools support in the language class. Similarly, it was found that 50 percent teachers provide modified input frequently in the ELT classroom. In the same way, it was found that in 18 (90%) classes teachers motivate their students, involve in interaction, give feedback to the students, translate target language terms, give hints, ask questions and explain text to their students as the frequent scaffolding tools in the ELT classroom . This thesis has been organized into five chapters. The first chapter deals with the background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations of the study and operational definition of the key terms. The second chapter includes review of related theoretical literature, review of related empirical literature, implications of the review for the study and conceptual framework. The third chapter covers all the areas of methodology. Likewise, the fourth chapter presents the results and discussion. The fifth chapter includes summary, conclusion and recommendations at three different levels (policy related, practice related and further research related) followed by references and appendices.Item Teachingenglishalphabettothebeginnersusingpicturesand Traditionalmethod(Faculty of Education, 2010) Neupane, TolakantThe main objective of this study was to compare the picture and traditionalteaching method of teaching alphabet. For that, Shree Shitaladevi CommunitySecondary English Medium School, Shitaladevi, Pokhara-12 was selectedwhere picture method is launched to teachEnglish Alphabet tothechildren ofNursery class. Forty students of Nursery were the primary source.The maintoolsof datacollectionfor thestudy were the test items. At first, a pre-test wasadministered. Then the students were divided into two groups as control group(A) and experimental group (B) by lucky draw system and some of the studentswere exchanged to maintain balanceinthe average obtained marks. Both of thegroups were taught the last five letters of English alphabet separately. Controlgroup was taught without using picture stamps but experimental group wastaught using picture stamps. Equal time was given to both groups. After 15days the post-test was administered to test their proficiency. The obtained datawere compared and analyzed. The researcher alsonotedthe remarks of theteachers.The studyshowed thatthe picture stamps have the high positive effectin teaching alphabet to the beginners since the students of experimental grouphad performed better in their post-test. This thesis comprisesoffour chapters.Chapter onedeals with introduction ofalphabet, how to learn and teach alphabet, the short history of teaching theEnglish language in Nepal. It also includes the review of the related literature,objectives of the study and significance of the study.Chaptertwodeals withthe sources of data, population of the study and sampling procedure, process ofdata collection, and limitations of the study.The third chapteris devoted to theinterpretation and analysis of the data collected. To analyze the data, scoresweretabulated and the difference between pre-test and post-test was calculatedin terms of average scores and percentage. The group which had higherprogress rate was regarded as better group.Finally,chapterfourdeals with thefindings and recommendations of the study.