Interaction of Macrophages and Epithelia cells with Bacteria and Bacteria Devived Pamps

Abstract

The innate defense system plays an essential role in protecting organism that is in direct contact with infectious agents. Pulmonary epithelial cells and macrophages are innate immune cells that early recognize the pathogens and their products as they are in direct contact with the ambient environment. These cells recognize bacteria and their products and provide an important first step to initiate a protective immune response mainly by producing various immune effector responses such as cytokines and chemokines (Diamond et al., 2015; Ganz, 2002; P. Zhang, Summer, Bagby, & Nelson, 2000). LPS, a major component of outer membrane of gram negative bacteria is a potent activator of cells of epithelial and macrophage lineage. The induction of LPS to these cells leads to a variety of responses including the synthesis and secretion of the cytokines. Hence, we aimed to characterize the effects of bacteria and bacteria derived PAMPs in two cell lines epithelial LA-4 and macrophage MH-S. The time dependent responses of cytokine expression to LPS stimulation of concentration 100 ng were examined at the transcriptional levels in these cells since cytokine secretion is an early event in the innate host response that alerts the immune system to the presence of a microbial pathogen. In this study, we examined the differences and similarities of both the cell lines on the exposure to bacteria and bacteria derived PAMPs to gain a better understanding of their contributions to immunity.