Effects of climate change on agriculture: a study of Sigas rural municipality - 02, Baitadi, Nepal

Abstract

Climate change is a pressing global issue, characterized by major and long term variations in temperature and precipitation. Climate change is a serious issue that significantly affects security of food and agricultural productivity, particularly in highly vulnerable nations like Nepal. The main aim of this study, entitled "Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture: A Study of Sigas Rural Municipality - 02, Baitadi, Nepal," is to explore how climate change affects agricultural activities and its production in that area. The research aims include examining rainfall and temperature trends, assessing their effects on agricultural production, and investigating the adaptation methods used by locals. This study used a mixed-methods approach. Using surveys and key informant interviews with local stakeholders, both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. According to the findings, many people in Sigas Rural Municipality depend on agriculture for their livelihood, making them particularly vulnerable to climate changes. The Meteorology data show that climate variables have changed significantly in recent years, with less rainfall and higher temperatures, reducing crop yields and agriculture sustainability. This study also underlines the issues that farmers face, such as higher insect and disease occurrences, changing cropping timelines, and water problems because of longer dry spells. Farmers adopted a variety of adaptation techniques in response to these problems. However, the effectiveness of these strategies varies according to resource availability and understanding. Finally, this study also highlights the critical need for targeted actions and policy changes to strengthen agricultural resilience in the present threat of climate change. By combining local knowledge with modern agricultural practices, the study hopes to provide significant insights for policymakers and stakeholders. It can be beneficial to people who are involved in improving adaptive capacities in rural communities affected by climate variation. This study's findings hold significance for maintaining food security and long-term development in Nepal's agricultural sector regarding climate constraints.