Rural Development

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14540/43

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    Role of micro finance in employment generation; A case study of microfinance program of nirdhan ulthan bank limited Kudiya VDC Nawalparasi district
    (2017) Acharya, Sunita; Mangala Shrestha
    This thesis entitled "ROLE OF MICRO FINANCE IN EMPLOYMENT GENERATION: A CASE STUDY OF MICROFINANCE PROGRAM OF NIRDHAN UTTHAN BANK LIMITED KUDIYA VDC, NAWALPARASI DISTRICT" analyzes different natures of Rural employment generation from the micro finance of Kudiya Village Development committee (VDC) of Nawalparasi district, Nepal. The major objective of the study is to examine the extent employment generation of the study area. For this purpose, 60 households have been proportionately selected. The specific objective of this study is to identify the socio-economic status and change in income level of Kudiya VDC. Both qualitative as well as quantitative methods have been applied to collect primary and secondary data. For this study semi-structured questionnaire, Key informant interview, field Observation has been employed. Focus Group Discussion, interview observation are used as the techniques to obtain required information in order to fulfill the objectives. The study area is Kudiya VDC of Nawalpara si District. Microfinance programs have been running with the aim of socio-economic empowerment, mobilization of awareness and generation of self-employment targeting the rural poor. Microfinance has been one of the few effective tools for poverty reduction over the past years. It has been revealed that the loans have been mostly invested on small scale business, livestock and other agro-based enterprises. The major findings are land holding, numbers of income level, quality of home to live and possession of other household amenities have increased among the sample surveyed clients. Moreover, vulnerability has decreased, food security has been increased, and health, child education and sanitation situation are improved. Importantly, livelihoods pattern of microfinance clients has been shifted from wage base to the agriculture and self-employment base. Awareness, capability, confidence and social capital have also been significantly improved. In general, the survey has revealed that socio-economic conditions of the sample clients have substantially improved. The study demonstrate the positive socio-economic change, change in income level, living standard, increasing employment and literacy level after being part of NIRDHAN UTTAN BANK LIMITED. It’s has been seen people are satisfied with this program.
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    Economic and enviroment activities ( A case study of Gramin community forest user group, Morang)
    (2006) Parajuli, Chandika; Umesh Acharya
    Not available
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    Study on service delivery system of commercial bank of ADBL
    (2011) Subedi, Dev Hari; Suman Sapkota
    Available in fulltext
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    Community forestry and rural development in Nepal (a study of CFUGs of Palpa, Parbat and Rupandehi districts)
    (2025) Sharma, Damodar; Rajesh Kumar Rai
    Community forestry is a forest management approach where local communities are given rights and responsibilities to manage, use, and protect forest resources sustainably. It promotes environmental conservation while improving livelihoods and empowering local people through participatory decision-making. Community forests play a crucial role in enhancing well-being of local people through the conservation management of forests. They provide numerous benefits that improve the livelihoods of Community Forest User Groups by offering resources, employment opportunities, and ecosystem services. However, forest user groups often face challenges in management, utilization, benefit sharing, and resolving forest-related conflicts, which can hinder their effectiveness. Despite their potential, community forests sometimes fail to address the needs of poor and marginalized people who rely on forest resources, highlighting the need for more inclusive policies and equitable benefit distribution. In this context, this study is carried out in three physiographic regions (Mountain, Hill and Tarai) of Nepal to find out the socio-economic benefits and challenges faced by the forest user groups in improving the livelihood, especially of poor rural families. The study adopted stratified random sampling as districts were stratified by physiographic regions and selected randomly. Three districts were selected representing these physiographic regions: Parbat from mountain region (only forest user groups situated more than 3,000 m altitude), Palpa from hill region and Rupandehi from Tarai region were selected with size and involvement basis. The study borrows from several theoretical frameworks, including Basic Resource Theory, Common Property Theory, and the Sustainable Livelihood Framework. These theories identify that rural development is dependent on the availability, access, and management of natural resources, and that community participation and equitable governance are crucial for sustainability through the active group mobilization. The livelihood framework identifies five significant capital assets natural, human, social, physical, and financial—that are the components of rural well-being and sustainable rural livelihoods. The study indicated that CFUGs have contributed enormous socio-economic and environmental benefits to the rural people of Nepal. These benefits have assisted in improving rural well-being, neighborhood development, and environmental sustainability with positive effect in improving rural household livelihoods. Despite many successes, the research finds several existing and emerging challenges facing CFUGs in equitable and sustainable community forest management. This thesis explores the socio-economic and environmental contributions of Community CFUGs in rural Nepal towards improved rural livelihood and sustainable rural development. The thesis also identifies the significant challenges to equitable management and benefit-sharing of forest products, especially to poor and marginalized groups, and challenges faced by these groups to achieve their objectives. The study is conducted in three districts Palpa, Parbat, and Rupandehi covering Terai, Mid-hills, and Hills, where community forestry has been widely implemented. The study concludes that community forestry has significantly contributed to rural development by enhancing natural, social, human, physical, and financial capitals. It has improved forest conditions, provided essential resources like firewood, timber, and water, and created employment and economic opportunities for local communities. Community Forest User Groups have also promoted education, inclusion, and environmental conservation, playing a crucial role in sustainable development. However, challenges such as elite dominance, unequal resource access, and limited participation of marginalized groups persist as well as three tires governments' taxation process persist. Despite these issues, community forestry remains a powerful tool for rural upliftment and aligns with Nepal’s sustainable development goals. It is therefore recommended that further research be conducted to explore the development of a flexible umbrella policy framework. Such a framework would allow each CFUG to tailor local-specific rules, programs, and governance models that reflect the unique cultural, ecological, and economic conditions of their communities. This adaptive policy approach could significantly enhance the effectiveness, responsiveness, and long-term sustainability of community forestry initiatives in Nepal and beyond.
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    Socio- economic analysis of tourism in pachabhaiya a case study of pachabhaiya, Kaski district, nepal
    (2017) Bhandari, Rabi Raj; Suman Kharel
    Available in fulltext
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    Effects of climate change on agriculture: a study of Sigas rural municipality - 02, Baitadi, Nepal
    (2025) Dhami, Yadav Singh; Suman Kharel
    Climate change is a pressing global issue, characterized by major and long term variations in temperature and precipitation. Climate change is a serious issue that significantly affects security of food and agricultural productivity, particularly in highly vulnerable nations like Nepal. The main aim of this study, entitled "Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture: A Study of Sigas Rural Municipality - 02, Baitadi, Nepal," is to explore how climate change affects agricultural activities and its production in that area. The research aims include examining rainfall and temperature trends, assessing their effects on agricultural production, and investigating the adaptation methods used by locals. This study used a mixed-methods approach. Using surveys and key informant interviews with local stakeholders, both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. According to the findings, many people in Sigas Rural Municipality depend on agriculture for their livelihood, making them particularly vulnerable to climate changes. The Meteorology data show that climate variables have changed significantly in recent years, with less rainfall and higher temperatures, reducing crop yields and agriculture sustainability. This study also underlines the issues that farmers face, such as higher insect and disease occurrences, changing cropping timelines, and water problems because of longer dry spells. Farmers adopted a variety of adaptation techniques in response to these problems. However, the effectiveness of these strategies varies according to resource availability and understanding. Finally, this study also highlights the critical need for targeted actions and policy changes to strengthen agricultural resilience in the present threat of climate change. By combining local knowledge with modern agricultural practices, the study hopes to provide significant insights for policymakers and stakeholders. It can be beneficial to people who are involved in improving adaptive capacities in rural communities affected by climate variation. This study's findings hold significance for maintaining food security and long-term development in Nepal's agricultural sector regarding climate constraints.
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    Stakeholder’s perspective on poverty reduction a study of slum area in Kathmandu metropolitan city, ward no – 14, Nepal
    (2025) Aryal, Rahul; Suman Kharel
    This study explores the Stakeholder’s Perspective on Poverty Reduction: A Study of Slum Areas in Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Ward No. 14, Nepal. Despite global advancements in poverty alleviation, Nepal continues to face significant socio economic challenges that perpetuate poverty, particularly in urban slum communities. The primary objective of this research is to assess the effectiveness of programs implemented by local governments and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in improving living conditions, access to essential services, and economic opportunities for the urban poor. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study combines quantitative data collected through household surveys with qualitative insights obtained from key informant interviews. The findings reveal that while certain improvements have been achieved, the overall impact of poverty reduction initiatives remains limited. Government programs have moderately enhanced access to healthcare and financial assistance but have shown limited success in areas such as job training, education, and housing. Similarly, NGO efforts have provided essential services and short-term relief, yet they have not significantly contributed to long-term economic stability or infrastructure development. The study highlights the necessity of more holistic and targeted strategies that address the root causes of poverty and foster sustainable development. Key recommendations include enhancing collaboration between government bodies and NGOs, prioritizing investment in education and skills development, and formulating policies that promote economic inclusion and resilience. By focusing on these critical areas, stakeholders can more effectively support the urban poor in achieving sustainable livelihoods and breaking the cycle of poverty.
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    Impact of child clubs participation in community development: a study of Dhading district
    (Central Department of Rural Development, 2016) Joshi, Naba Raj; Prajwal Man Pradhan
    This study, titled "Impact of Child Club in Community Development: A Case Study of Pida VDC of Dhading District," explores the role of child clubs as defenders and promoters of children's rights and their broader implications in Nepalese society. Focusing on eight child clubs newly merged from seven different groups within an ethnically mixed community in Pida VDC, Dhading District, the research examines how children's participation in these clubs has influenced community development and social awareness. The study reveals that children, through these clubs, have emerged as competent social actors capable of making informed decisions on issues affecting their lives. Despite existing challenges such as low awareness and traditional societal practices that often limit child participation, the child clubs have cultivated a sense of collective agency among children. This increased participation has not only empowered children in decision-making but also highlighted their issues within the community. The clubs have had a positive impact, as evidenced by the personal growth and advocacy shown by participating children. While the main focus of the clubs has been personality development to help children navigate daily challenges, they have simultaneously played a significant role in promoting children's rights. Overall, the research underscores the transformative potential of child clubs in fostering child agency, raising rights awareness, and contributing to community development in Nepal.
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    Impact assessment of drinking water supply and sanitation project in Sankhrapur municipality – 2, Kathmandu, Nepal
    (Central Department of Rural Development, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 2025) Shrestha, Ayush; Bishnu Bahadur Khatri
    This academic study was focused on ―Impact Assessment of Drinking WaterSupply and Sanitation Project in Sankhrapur Municipality, Kathmandu Nepal” which is a project area of Neighbor Society Service Company (NSSC) and has exacted a community-based water supply and sanitation project. The study adopted a mixed method, so conducted household survey for quantitative data collection and conducted focus group discussion and key information interview for qualitative data collection. The general objective of the study was to evaluate the socio-economic impact of drinking water supply and sanitation project. Similarly, other objectives were to assess the socio-economic status of the project beneficiaries, to assess the economic and social impacts of the drinking water project on the local people and to examine the contribution of beneficiaries for environmental an sustainability. The study followed evaluative research design and employed both qualitative and quantitative data. A total 105 households were surveyed for the collection of the data. Focus Group Discussion and Key Information Interview were also conducted for the purpose of collecting qualitative data for data triangulation. Both qualitative and quantitative data revealed that the project had a significant positive impact socially, economically and environmentally. The project helped to reduce the time spent fetching water, created new income generation activities, improved household income and productivity, allocated time and funds into priority area and reduced expenses related to healthcare and water collection. Similarly, the project has contributed to bring change in traditional gender norms, change in attitude towards hygiene practices and cultural change towards health practices which have contributed to improved public health. The environment has also positively benefitted from the project, the project has contributed to improving waste segregation practice and reducing visual pollution, and tree plantation water conservation practices such as water re-use and rainwater harvesting have also improved after the project. WSUC and involvement of beneficiaries in community discussion and contribution of fund by beneficiaries and local government for operation, repair and maintenance have contributed for the long-term sustenance of the water infrastructure.
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    Community led total sanitation programs & practices: an impact study of CLTS program in Jugathapachaur VDC, Jajarkot
    (2015) Shah, Kanta; Chandra Lal Shrestha
    Available in fulltext
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    The marriage system among Tharu community: A case study of Bhangaha VDC, Mahottari
    (2015) Singh, Ajay Kumar; Bindu Pokharel
    Available in full text
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    Accessibility and availability of health care facilities in konjyosom rural municipality, Lalitpur, Nepal
    (2024) Tamang, Bidhyan; Suman Kharel
    Available in fulltext
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    Role of women in household decision making (a case study of Hansposha VDC, Sunsari)
    (2014) Rai, Ganga Devi; Kedar Nath Niroula
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    Potentialities of rural tourism in Okharkot VDC, Pyuthan
    (2016) Yadav, Pawan Kumar; Chandra Lal Shrestha
    Available in full text
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    Socio-Economic impact of biogas users (A case study of Gulariya Municipality, Bardiya district)
    (2007) Sharama, Chandra; Rhiddi Bir Singh
    Available in full text