Analytical Sentinel Survey of Lymphatic Filariasis and Prevalence of Vectors in Daraune Pokhari Dapcha VDC of Kabre District, Nepal.

Abstract

Wuchereria bancrofti is a filarial nematode parasite that causes lymphatic filariasis in endemic zones of tropical and subtropical regions causing permanent and long term disability. It is the second major health problem in the world and is endemic in 60 of 75 districts of Nepal. The recent study was conducted from 28th December 2006 to 15th September 2007 in Daraune Pokhari, Dapcha VDC of Kabre District. A total of 500 night blood samples were collected from the earlobes of the respondents. Mass orientation program was conducted to make the respondents aware about the study. After filling the questionnaires to take information regarding physical, social and environmental status of the respondents night blood sample collection was done. Microscopical examination revealed 52/500 (10.40%) microfilarial positive cases. Regarding age and sex-wise distribution, the highest percentage of infection was noted in age group 41-50 years (22.22%) in males and 61-70 years (16.66%) females and female were highly infected than males with the ratio of 6:7 where 80 males out of 100 females were infected. The crude disease rate was reported to be 3.20% and total endemicity rate was 68/500 (13.60%). On the other hand out of 500 specimens of mosquito collected from 6 household by indoor and outdoor hand collection and dry preservation indicated that 7/500 (1.40%) were the main vector of Lymphatic filariasis i.e. Culex quinquefasciatus indicating the prevalence of vector in the study site. The main reason behind this rate of prevalence of vector and Lf were lack of awareness regarding the vector and mode of transmission, illiteracy, occupation, insanitary environment condition, favourable breeding habit, carelessness and sleeping habits. Thus, people should be made familiar to Lf by organizing awareness programs through mass media, radio, television etc. to prevent the spread of disease and make them alert.