Challenges Faced by Children of Musahar Community in Education due to Social Exclusion of Family in Parsa District, Nepal

Abstract

This study explores the challenges faced by children of Musahar community in education due to social exclusion of family in Parsagadhi Municipality-1, Badaruwa, Parsa District, Nepal. The Musahar, one of the most marginalized Dalit groups, face systemic socio-economic barriers, including extreme poverty, landlessness, child labor, and caste-based discrimination, which significantly hinder their children's access to education. Despite various government policies promoting inclusive education, Musahar children continue to experience high dropout rates due to financial hardships, lack of parental literacy, and societal biases. Using a qualitative research approach, the study employs Semi Structure interviews, Key Informant Interview and focus group discussions to examine the relationship between social exclusion and educational disparities. The findings indicate that economic deprivation forces many Musahar children into labor, limiting their participation in schooling. Gender disparities further exacerbate educational exclusion, with girls facing early marriage and domestic responsibilities. The study highlights that exclusion is not merely a financial issue but an institutional challenge rooted in systemic inequalities. Addressing these barriers requires targeted interventions such as need-based scholarships, parental literacy programs, improved school infrastructure, and stricter enforcement of inclusive education policies. The research provides insights for policymakers, educators, and social organizations working toward reducing educational inequalities. By fostering community participation and implementing inclusive strategies, Nepal can bridge the educational gap and enhance social mobility among marginalized communities.