Grandparents perspective about rituals transformation to new generation among grandparents (a study of Sanfebagar municipality, Achham)

Abstract

This study explores the transformation of traditional rituals across generations in Sanfebagar Municipality, Ward No. 2, through the lived experiences of 38 grandparents from diverse caste and gender backgrounds. Drawing from their memories and reflections, the research uncovers how once-deeply rooted practices around birth, marriage, and death have shifted due to modernization, migration, digital influences, and changing family structures. Many elders shared a deep sense of loss as rituals that once unified families and communities have become shorter, symbolic, or forgotten. Gender roles, caste identity, and spiritual healing traditions have all been affected, and intergenerational gaps in ritual knowledge are growing. Despite these changes, the study highlights that rituals still carry emotional and cultural value for older generations. The findings emphasize the need to bridge generational disconnects through community education, school curricula, and storytelling initiatives led by elders. By valuing grandparents as living carriers of tradition and encouraging youth engagement, social workers, local agencies, and policy-makers can ensure rituals evolve meaningfully retaining their heart and purpose. This study calls for collaborative efforts between families, communities, and institutions to preserve Nepal’s intangible heritage while adapting to the realities of modern life.