Impact Assessment of the Plug-in-Electric Vehicles on Distribution System (A Case Study of Bageshwori Feeder Nepalgunj, Nepal)

Abstract

Global environmental issues have brought several international agreements to reduce carbon emission. In this context, electric vehicles can be the best alternatives to reduce petroleum consumption and carbon emission simultaneously. Electric vehicles getting massive popularity with new policies initiated by several governments. But the rapid deployment of EVs can be a burden to the power distribution network. This research is focused on the impacts of plug-in-electric vehicles on distribution systems with stochastic behaviors of PEVs. Stochastic load profile of PEVs is modeled depending upon daily driving distance and home arrival time. The distribution system is analyzed in terms of feeder peak, total power loss and energy loss, voltage deviation, transformer loading, and line loading before and after the penetration of PEVs over a wide range considering residential charging and public charging scenario. The results are analyzed to determine the withstand capacity of the distribution system for PEVs. The line loading reached 104.63% violating the limit with 80% of PEVs but the voltage deviation is under the limit for residential charging. However, in the public charging scenario line loading reached 104.26% with only 60% PEVs and violate the standard limit.