Prevalence of Eimeria spp.In iie faecal samples of goat (Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758) ANI) iie effect Os' OAT plant extract {Aven* sady* Linnaeus, 1753} IlY their sporulation

Abstract

Coccidiosis is an infectious disease caused by the parasite of genus Eimeria that develops in large intestine of small ruminants such as goat. It is distributed worldwide with high infection rate. This study was conducted from February to August, 2022 to evaluate the effect of oat plant (Avena sativa) extracts in sporulation of Eimeria species in faecal sample of goat at Duwakot, Changunarayan Municipality, Bhaktapur, Nepal. Altogether, 310 faecal sample of goat and plant Avena sativa were collected. Faecal sample was collected and preserved in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution and the plant was collected and dried at room temperature in the laboratory of Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST). The faecal samples were examined microscopically by direct wet mount technique, sedimentation and floatation technique. The intensity of faecal sample with heavy infection of Eimeria by using oocyst per gram (OPG) count with the help of Mc Master chamber technique. The plant extracts were made by grinded, dissolved it with solvents, filtered and evaporated. Out of 310 samples, 183 (59%) samples were found to be positive. From which 138 light infection (+), 20 samples revealed the mild infection (++) and 25 samples revealed heavy infection (+++).Then, heavily infected samples were treated with plant extract dose on different concentration (0 μg/ml, 0 μg/ml with 10% DMS0, 0.5 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml, 5 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml, 15 μg/ml, 20 μg/ml and 25 μg/ml) for 0, 24, 48 hours. The rate of sporulation was maximum at the concentration of plant extract to 20 μg/ml in 24 hours and 10 to 20 μg/ml in 48 hours. This study found that there was significant difference between rate of sporulation and dosage concentration of plant extract (p<0.5). This study revealed that the utilization of plant extract may have anticoccidial effect depending on its dose and time of incubation.

Keywords: Eimeria, Coccidiosis, OPG count