Browsing by Subject "Discourse"
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Item Critique of middle class ethos: a new historic reading of J. K. Rowling’s The Casual Vacancy(Department of English, 2016) Kandel, Rajendra PrasadNot AvailableItem Critique of Post-Emergency Indian Official History in Rohinton Mistry’s A Fine Balance(Department of English, 2020) Neupane, LaxmiThe research paper analyzes the historical fiction A Fine Balance by Indian Parsi writer, Rohinton Mistry from the perspective of New-Historicism. It revisits the history of Post-colonial India; particularly Post-Emergency mainstream history from the perspective of Mistry’s marginalized literary characters in order to argue that the official history of post-emergency India ignores the socio-political as well as cultural sufferings of the marginalized communities such as Parsi, Chammar and women. It further analyzes and critiques that the mainstream narration of Post-colonial India as a nation of independence, freedom and equality bears irony because of the socio-political exclusions of the marginal communities from the mainstream in the name of caste, race and gender. The caste-based treatment against the characters like Dukhi, Narayan and Ishvar, the religious violence against Muslim character like Ashraf and the patriarchal dominance against the female character’s individual freedom like Dina Dalal fictionally contradict the official post-colonial metanarrative of independence, freedom and equality. In order to strengthen the argument, the researcher borrows the theoretical insights from Foucauldian ‘New Historicism’ and the theoretical concept of ‘Irony’ to show that the mainstream history is ironical to the actuality of the time. The paper exposes the discursive construction of post-emergency Indian official history of the marginal people of the Indian society. The paper concludes with finding that literature through the fictional narrative contributes to offering an alternative view to the actuality of the history.Item Defying Appropriation of Racial Discourse in Steve McQueen's Twelve Years a Slave(Department of English, 2019) Tiwari, SunitaThe major thrust of this study is to probe how White Americans used the idea of racial differences of Blacks as a means to oppress and enslave them in the film Twelve Years a Slave. When racial inferiority pertaining to Blacks got stabilized and normalized, even Blacks accepted their inferior plight giving Whites a chance to enslave them. The notion of Black people's intrnalized racial inferiority was exploited as a springboard to promote slavery. Repeatedly Blacks were told to believe that they are inferior and it would be better if they simply accept White people as their masters. The more discourses on Blacks' innate inferiority circulated, the more easily they accepted their inferior and marginalized lot. As this discursive practice got normalized giving rise to institutionalized forms of slavery, it became quite easier for Whites to sell Blacks as though they are sellable commodities. To probe this issue, the theoretical idea of Althusser's notion of ideological state apparatus is used to probe the issue at hand. Additionally, Foucault's idea of how self is cultivated following an individual's exposure to discursive, systematic and societal practice constitutes the methodological basis of this study.Item Discourse Analysis On‘The Martyr’(Faculty of Education, 2021) Shrestha, Ishwar KumarThis study Discourse Analysis on ‘The Martyr’ aims to analyze the cohesive andcoherence devices used in the story,‘The Martyr’.To make the unified and logicallyorganized language, cohesive devices and coherence play significant role. Consideringthis fact. I selected a story entitled ‘The Martyr” written by Vishnu S. Rai to carry outthis study. The objectives of the study were to find out the roles of cohesive devices andunderstanding the coherence roles for making the perfect combination between sentencesin the story. To carry out the research work, Icollected the necessary data from differentreliable sources like relatedbooks on discourse analysis, research work done in the fieldofit, views and notes of various scholars searched from websites. In course of identifyingthe cohesive devices andcoherence roles and analyzing them in the story, the whole storyhas been divided into 27 paragraphs and 187 sentences. Each cohesive device andcoherence role has been presented in tabulation form and pronouns prepositions,conjunctions, determiners, adverbs, nouns, interjections are the cohesive devices used inthe story. Similarly, sequential, situational, question-answer, cause-effect, clarification,rephrasing etc are the coherence role used in to story. Suchuse of cohesive devices andcoherence role hasmade the story unified and meaningful. This thesis work consists of five chapters in total. Chapter one consists of generalbackground, statement of the problems, objectives of the study, research questions,significance of the study and delimitation of the study. Chapter two deals with theliteraturereview. Similarly, the third chapter contains design of the study, data collectiontools and procedures and data analysis and interpretation produce. Then in the fourthchapter the whole story has been analyzed and interpreted. Each sentence of eachparagraph has been numbered and cohesive devices and coherence roles have beentabulated dividing them into 54 tables. For easy analysis and interpretation, some of thetables have been contracted and detailed tables have been presented in appendices. Thefifth chapter, the final one, consists of summary, conclusion and implication. At the end,reference and appendices are presented.Item Discourse and Power in George Orwell’s NovelNineteen Eighty-four(Faculty of English, 2009) Dhamala, Bhoj KumarNot AvailableItem Discourse in Disciplinary Gaze in Edith Wharton'sThe House of Mirth(Department of English, 2006) Kandel, RameshThe present research explores the discourse in disciplinary gaze of characters in Edith Wharton'sThe House of Mirth.Protagonist attempts to escape from the discursive morality assigned to her as to achieve republic of spirit and gain material prosperity, but the society practices and continues its established discursive gaze having disciplining motif towards protagonist so that it would be easy to keep control over her mental and physical activities. Escape from stationto room or New York to abroad provides no hope at all. Her inability to break free from discourse and disciplinary gaze can't offer alternative way to life providing authenticity to her earlier position except to succumb her on the alter of power. Circumstances that discourse has created and power that disciplinary gaze has practiced discourages her to fight against financial crisis and social conventions that impair her physically and mentally. Burden of failure with no hope drags her to death.Item Exploration of Counterculture in Alice Walker's The Color Purple(Central Department of English, 2010-09) Dangal, Khagendra PrasadThe Color Purple by an activist American Alice Walker has been the milestone in the field of the novels of protest. It radically comes up with the deconstruction and endeavoring towards the new structures in the traditional discourses and power operations within the American society. Depicting the lives and their constraints caused by the various discourses in rural Georgia in 1930s, the novel comes up with the sense of counterculture. Using the socially marginalized and mistreated female character Celie as her mouthpiece, Walker motivates female of the society for the journey from innocence to awareness of identity of the female and underscores the need of female unity and envisions the world of independent women who could challenge the patriarchal domination anytime. The novel deconstruct the role of the husband of the society, deconstruct the masculine notion of god as represented in the Bible and undermines the heterosexuality by the males think women their possession.Item Female Body in Social Incarceration in Han Kang’s The Vegetarian(Department of English, 2018) Aryal, KamanaThis research paper tires to inspect the brutalities endured by the protagonist, Yeong-hye, through the lens of body politics, when her body does not act in terms of the society’s norms and regulations in Han Kang’s novel, The Vegetarian. Her desire to transform into a tree resists fulfilling the demands of her husband, father, mother, brother-in-law, sister, hospital and many other. Her bizarre steps to enact her desire break every societal norm and solely allot her tortures leading her to the deathbed. As Yeong-hye dares to enact her desire, the patriarchal society stands as a thorny bar. Depending on the theory of body politics, this research paper explores how the body of the protagonist is tormented in order to stop her from accomplishing her goal because vegetarianism makes her desirous to transform into a tree. It expounds how Yeong-hye turns to be the dust in the eyes of the society when her body resists to fulfil its demands. The researcher investigates upon novel, The Vegetarian, with the support of theoretical insights from Susan Bordo’s Unbearable Weight, Feminism, Western Culture and the Body Judith Butler’s Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity and Michel Foucault’s Discipline And Punish: The Birth of the Prison and The History Of Sexuality. The paper claims how a society constructs discourse of female body and acts as a powerful organ to control over females.Item Fictionalization of History in Stephen Chobsky’s The Perks of Being a Wallflower(Department of English, 2018) Adhikari, SusandeshPresentresearch efforts to search the fictional natureofhistory utilizing the newhistoricism as conceptualized by Michel Focault and Stephen Grenblat.This research casts light on how history is discursive and constructed phenomenonin Chobsky'snovelThePerks of Being Wallflower.This research probes into the unreliable character Charlie, one-eyed Jew living In America. He narrates the incidents in broken English with several discontinuities. Charliepresents a dreary, hellishpicture of America of the early 1990s.However, he withdraws his own narration in the course of novel. He even claims that he is not sure about the incidents happened in his life because he is suffering from mentalillness. Throughout the unreliable narrative of Charlie, Chobsky deconstructs the traditional notion of history as the matter of facts and he claims that history is the matter of fabricated power politics. Keywords:History, Discourse, Fictionalization, Knowledge, Perspective, Truth, HolocaustItem Political Alienation in Chinua Achebe's A Man of the People(Department of English, 2008) Shah, Saroj KumarAlbert Chinualumogu Achebe, the finest Nigerian novelist of the 20th century, draws the lives and cultures of African people through his writing. He has set this novel, A Man of the People in the post-colonial period in an independent African country. In the novel, Achebe shows the social, political and psychological impact of European imperialism on indigenous African societies. Mainly, he has shown the political degradation in the African country where the irresponsibility and visionlessness of the leader leads the country into anarchy, chaos and violence rather than to progress and prosperity. Achebe has depicted the invasion of colonial remnants in an independent African homeland that leads the country to the political alienation. Though the empire leaves the country, the psychological components that ruin and rule still remains at the aftermath of colonialism. Through the narrator Odili and the political leader Nanga, Achebe shows the limited independent government in which there is neither collective will in the people nor responsible leadership to redeem the people and their culture. As a consequence, people are unfamiliar with their culture and they are forced to live in a new form of slavery, pessimism and degeneration. Rather than having optimistic perspectives towards the decolonized independent nations, the self-glorifying dictators and their poverty, which are the common images of the continents.Item Representation in Lessing’s The Making of the Representative for Planet 8(Central Department of English, 2010-05) Sapkota, UttamThis dissertation is a discussion of Lessing’s The Making of the Representative for Planet 8 from postcolonial perspective as an exposure of how the colonizers represent native people through different discourses and hegemonize for their own benefit. Even though it is imaginary or fictitious, the native people represent nonwestern people and societies whereas Canopus as western colonizer. The narrator is a native who is nearly a slave and cannot critique the statements spoken by his masters. They are forced to create new place and again destroy it according the wish of the Canopus. The Colonizers have created discourse about the native that they are unable to guide themselves and the Canopus people are more advanced and superior, thus the representation is always misrepresentation. And the native people have internalized this discourse; so that they give consent to be ruled them by the Canopus.Item Representation of Contemporary Afghan History in Khaled Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns(Department of English, 2019) Joshi, PramodThis research intends to investigate Khaled Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns from the perspective of New Historicism, focusing on the historicity of text. This paper concludes that the novel reflects on history through the reconstruction of historical events.Hosseini re-examines the history of Afghanistan in about 30-year wars from a new perspective and with a new discourse.The novel represents the plight of the people of Afghanistan in the aftermath of the cold war and the deprived identities of people when the struggle reaches a nightmarish level.Hosseini's work becam a medium to understand Afghan culture and tradition.This novel coincides with the main points of New Historicism, based on which thesis attempts to analyse the historical background, the themes and the characters of the novel.Item Representation of Post-Partition Pakistani Politics in Benazir Bhutto’s Daughter of the East(Department of English, 2018) Budha, Nisha KumariThis thesis makes critical analysis of Benazir Bhutto’s autobiography Daughter of the East(1988). It critiques General Zia’s exercise of power, formulations of manipulative discourse and its influence on political as well as personal relations. Benazir successfully attempts to show how manipulative power of discourse creates knowledgeto exercise power. It projects how activities like secrecy, jealousy create discourse and exercise of power which play influential role in the post-partition of Pakistan as well as personal lives of people and their relationship. The representation of Zia’s military regime conveys the writer’s sense of mistrust, disbelief and intrigue among political parties, common people and the nation. The finding of this research is that there is connection of power and formulation of truth through discourse and the formulation of discourse determine social relations and lives. Thus, this research helps understand how power operates in a society and nation and how it influences personal life as well as social relationship. Key Words:-Discourse, power, truth, manipulation.Item Representation of Tibet in Mary Craig's Kundun(Department of English, 2021) Thapa, DiwasKundun: Mary Craig's biography is about fourteenth Dalai Lama and is generally read as an authentic representation of history of Tibet. Through this historical representation, Craig constructs a discourse about Tibet by mis-representing their history, society and economy. The way western writers do politics to represent negative stereotypical image about Eastern culture. It further clarifies why the writer takes sides and makes fairy tales, while delivering the history between China and Tibet. It blames the writer, dividing the world into two fragments: occident and orient. The aim of this study is to examine the stereotypes shown by mainstream writers and their politics behind it. Moreover, writer’s intention to distinguish among political authority, materialistic greed and spiritual ethos are blurred. It claims that the writer’s position is guided by materialistic and imperialistic canon. While doing it, the research has incorporated theoretical insights of Straut Hall’s Work of Representation and Edward Said’s book Orientalism. The research concludes that the writer’s politics behind the representation of the culture of Tibet is demonstrated openly. She lacks to gather ethical and accurate information during the time of representing culture. This paper concludes that Tibet’s invasion has been presented hypothetically and emphasizes on own way whereas, economical crisis, corrupted bureaucracy, autocratic feudal system and superstition are some reasons for Dalai Lamas’ fall which are hidden intentionally.Item Subalternity and Silence in Harper Lee’s Novel To Kill a Mockingbird(Department of English, 2022) Tolange, Tulsi DeviThis research studies Harper Lee’s novel To Kill A Mockingbird from the perspective of Subaltern Studies and subaltern silence. The novel tells the story of number of subaltern characters systematically silenced in the Southern American society of Maycomb. Even though number of characters fall under subaltern category, this research analyzes the subalternity of black character Tom Robinson. Tom Robinson faces court trial in the charge of raping a white woman Mayella. The narrator of the novel is teenage a white girl named Scout whose father Atticus Finch fights the case to save the innocent black man. Even when proofs point out that he is innocent, the court has to declare him guilty because of the social expectation and racist belief that the blacks should never secure a win over the white people. Tom cannot speak against the white, white lawyer has to speak for him but even then, he is not heard speaking by himself or by the means of his generous lawyer. He is imprisoned and shot dead by the white police devising his fake attempt to escape.