Mathematics Education
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14540/64
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Item Effectiveness of Collaborative Method in Learning Mathematics at Secondary Level(2025) Aanand Prashad Joshi; Ram Chandra GhimireThis thesis entitle ―Effectiveness of Collaborative Method in Learning Mathematics at Secondary Level‖ aims to examine the effectiveness of the collaborative learning method in improving students' mathematical achievement at the secondary level. The research was conducted at Helambu Bodhisattva Model School and Ichok Secondary School, located in Helambu Rural Municipality-6, Ghopteghang, Sindhupalchok, Nepal by adopting experimental research design. 20 students of grade IX from each school were selected randomly and assigned into experimental group and control group by tossing a coin. The experimental group was taught mathematics using the collaborative method and the control group and taught using traditional lecture-based method. The intervention lasted for 20 school days and both groups were evaluated through a pre-test and post-test focused on algebraic expressions, linear equations, Meanwhile, qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with four students from experimental group. This study investigated the effectiveness of a collaborative learning method on students' mathematical achievement. Pre-test scores confirmed both the experimental and control groups were statistically equivalent. However, post-test results revealed a significant improvement in the experimental group's performance, with an average gain of 11.55 points compared to the control group's 5.5 points. A t-value of 11.136 confirmed this difference was statistically significant. Qualitative data from interviews further supported these findings, showing that the collaborative method enhanced student engagement, critical thinking, and conceptual understanding. The study concludes that collaborative learning significantly improves mathematical achievement and recommends integrating it into secondary-level curricula, especially in public and rural schools where traditional teaching is prevalent, to foster deeper learning.Item Difficulties Faced by Limbu Students in Solving Word Problem of Algebra at Secondary Level(2024) Limbu, Thomash; Lok Nath BhattaraiThis study investigates the difficulties faced by Limbu students in solving algebraic word problems at the secondary level. The primary objectives are to identify the difficulties and explore their underlying causes. Grounded in social constructivism and cultural discontinuity theories, the research aims to understand how the native language and cultural backgrounds of Limbu students affect their mathematical problem-solving skills. Ethnographic research design was employed in this study to explore the real problems faced by limbu students. The sample consisted of Limbu students from Thechambu Secondary School in Taplejung. Data were collected through written test, interviews, and document reviews to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the students' challenges.The findings indicate that Limbu students face significant difficulties in understanding problem statements, translating them into mathematical expressions, and applying appropriate strategies. Language barriers, cultural differences, and educational discontinuities were identified as major contributing factors. The study concludes that there is a critical need for culturally responsive teaching methods and improved educational resources to enhance mathematical comprehension and performance among Limbu students.Item Internal Assessment at Secondary Level: Students’ Perception and Teachers’ Experiences(2024) Bhattarai, Surendra; Lok Nath BhattaraiThe thesis entitled “Internal Assessment at Secondary Level: Students’ Perception and Teachers’ Experiences” aimed to find the perception of students and experiences of mathematics teachers towards the practices of internal assessment at secondary level. This study was based on mixed method research design. This study was delimited to grade ten students and their teachers of four community schools of Banke district. A total of 169 grade X students and four mathematics teachers were randomly selected as sample of the study. Survey questionnaire and interview guideline were used as research tools to collect the data from students and teachers respectively. The result of this study concludes that both students and teachers have positive perception towards the practice of internal assessment system in mathematics. Internal assessment increases the regularity of students in the classroom. Internal assessment helped teachers to maintain the students’ discipline. There are several components and indicators to conduct internal assessments, although teachers have not followed all the criteria. The curriculum expects assessment for learning but the real practice shows it as assessment of learning. Terminal examinations is effective to know the students’ excellencies, weakness and also to work for learning improvement but teachers faced challenges to construct quality tools for terminal examination. Project work emerged as a vital component of internal assessment and students are interested to participate on more project works. But students are not satisfied with inadequate practice of project work, bias grading practices of teachers. Internal assessment increased the collaborative learning and creative thinking power of students in mathematics. Due to lack of materials, training, large number of students in classroom teachers were not followed all the criteria of internal assessment. Both teachers and students believed that ICT is very useful for the internal assessment but ICT was not properly practiced on community schools of Nepal.Item Perceptions of stakeholders towards the practices of geogebra at secondary level mathematics(2024) Acharya, Pradip; Lok Nath BhattraiThis thesis, entitled "Perceptions of Stakeholders towards the Practices of GeoGebra at Secondary Level Mathematics," explores the perceptions of students, teachers and administrators towards the use of GeoGebra software in class by mathematics teacher in Kathmandu, Nepal. This study aims to explore the perception of stakeholders about the use of GeoGebra at secondary level mathematics classes and to identify opportunity and challenges on the practices of GeoGebra in secondary level mathematics classes. A convergent parallel mixed-methods approach employed surveys and interviews, with 92 students, 3 mathematics teachers and 2 administrators to collect the data. In this study questionnaire used by survey for students and interview for teachers and school administrators. SPSS software used for quantitative data analysis through descriptive statistics and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Findings indicate GeoGebra significantly enhances student engagement and understanding through dynamic visualization and interactivity. GeoGebra improved conceptual grasp of geometry and algebra, promoting active learning and critical thinking. However, challenges such as the need for sufficient training, technological fluency and resource availability were needed. Administrators concerns about initial costs and ongoing support for effective integration. With sufficient training and resource allocation, GeoGebra can enhance secondary mathematics teaching, improving learning outcomes and student interest.Item Gender responsive pedagogy in mathematics: a practice in Nepal(2025) Adhikari, Hom Kumari; Hari Prasad UpadhyayAvailable in fulltextItem Teachers' experiences and student's perceptions of ICT integrated pedagogical practices in higher education Mathematics(2024) Bhattarai, Lok Nath; Binod Prasad DhakalAvailable in fulltextItem Attitudee of decondary level students and teachers towards arithmetic(2015) Bhatt, Ishwor Datt; Arjun NeupaneThe study entitled Attitudes of Secondary Level Students and Mathematics Teachers towards Arithmetic was aimed at compare the attitudes of gender difference in students towards arithmetic. The vision of secondary level mathematics teachers and students towards arithmetic also viewed in this thesis. According to the objectives of the study, corresponding hypothesis were formulated. The study adopted survey design. A set of statements i.e. questionnaire with 31 statements for teachers and 30 statements for students and open oral type interview schedule were the tool for collecting data. According to the theoretical framework the questionnaire were categorized into four categories as teaching methods/ behavior, positive attitude, negative attitude, application of arithmetic's. Open interview was constructed upon the five different points as achievement, persistence, engagement, relevance activities and feedback. The questionnaire forms were distributed to three hundred students of twenty sampled schools in which fifteen students were taken from each and other questionnaire form was also distributed to twenty mathematics teachers of sampled school. The open types interview was constructed by the interaction with two math teachers and five/ five boys and girls students. The data were collected, tabulated, ordered, compared, calculated and analyzed by using different techniques. Also chisquire test and t-test were performed at 0.05 levels. To analyze the attitude of secondary level mathematics teachers and students towards arithmetic and comparison of boys and girls student's attitudes, descriptive method was applied. From the analysis and interpretation of collected data, the following findings were drawn. There is positive attitude of students towards arithmetic. There is somewhere positive attitude of secondary math teachers toward arithmetic There is gender difference in the student's attitude towards arithmetic. There is similar attitude of students and teachers towards arithmetic. This thesis studied about the attitude of secondary level students and teachers towards arithmetic, comparing the attitudes of students and teachers as well as boy students and girl students, of survey design involving questionnaire and interview schedule.Item Problems faced by Tharu Childern in Mathematics classroom(2015) Ghimire, Bishwas; Krishna Prasad AdhikariThis study based on descriptive survey design related to problems faced by Tharu children in Mathematics classroom at secondary level. The objective of this was to identify and analyze the problem faced by Tharu children in mathematics classroom at secondary level. This research is both qualitative and quantitative in nature. Classroom observation form, questionnaire to students were used to collect data. Besides these, unstructured interview of selected students, teachers and parents had also taken to analyze problem. Six schools were selected from Nawalparasi district of electoral region 1, 2 and 3-two from each respectively. From each school, fourteen Tharu students at secondary level including of seven boys and girls each, was taken for sample of this study. Related literature, theory and concepts which are relevant to this study has been reflected. On the basis of reviewed literature and different concepts of theories, Obgu was developed as indicators to analyze the problem of the study. The finding of the study shows that there is cultural differences and discontinuity at school and home. There are linguistic problem at mathematics classroom. There is lack of interpersonal relation. There is no proper interaction between teacher and Tharu students at mathematics rooms. The Tharu students are dominated by teachers and non Tharu students. The poor economic status and home environment are not conducive for mathematics learning. Tharu students have no sufficient time for mathematics learning at home. This study also show that the financial condition of Tharu community is not strong enough to send their children at school. Parents are illiterate and family size is large, which are also as indicator to create the problem for Tharu children in mathematics learning.Item Impact of mathematics classroom management on student's achievement(2014) Kawar, Karna Bahadur; Laxmi Narayan YadavThis study focuses on classroom management and its' impact on student's mathematics achievement in grade X of Rukum District of Nepal. In particular, this study attempts to examine the physical resources management and discipline management in mathematics classroom. This study was intended to accomplish the following objectives:- To identify the physical and disciplinary problems of mathematics classroom management. To find the problems of classroom management and its impacts on student's achievement (or mathematics learning) This study tries to explain the existing situation of physical resources, problems created due to the facilities in the school, disciplinary problems in the students and impact of disciplinary problems in mathematics learning. This is a case study approach and related to mathematics classroom management and it's impact on students achievement. Observation form for the researcher and unstructured interview schedule for students, mathematics teachers, head teachers, SMC presidents and parents were used to collect primary data from the two community (public) schools of Rukum District. The study is concerned to the physical resources, facilities, classroom condition and disciplinary problems in mathematics classroom. It also tries to explore their impact in mathematics achievement. The study shows that the condition of classroom was not good in not well managed schools. There was no use of sufficient teaching materials, clean drinking water etc. Due to the student's absence in their class, carelessness in preparing the next day lesson, making unnecessary noise, highly affects in their mathematics learning. Those physical and disciplinary problems were found to be influential factors on learning and achievement of students. The analysis of data concluded that the achievement of students in mathematics is better in school with well physical and disciplined than not well physical and disciplined ones.Item Effectiveness of instructional materials in teaching mensuration(2016) Luhar, Tejendra; Lok Nath Bhattaraiiv The purpose of present study was to find out the effectiveness of the instruction materials in teaching mensuration at lower secondary level. The researcher selected just one school for his research purpose, it was shree Saraswati Secondary school, Kanchanpur district. The research was carried out for period of 14 days. The design of the research was experimental in nature with sample of 44 students of grade VIII. The quantitative data derived from pre- post test on experimental and control groups were analyzed applying t-test. The experimental group was taught by using different instructional materials and control group was without using instructional materials. Pre test was administered before the experimental started. The experimental runs for the duration of 14 days. After 14 days a post test was administered on both groups and the mean scores was calculated. The difference in mean achievement score are tested by using t- test at 0.05 level of significance. Finally, the researcher concluded that the achievement of students of experimental group is better than the achievement of control group. The result showed that there is significant difference in achievement of experimental group over control group while using of instructional materials in teaching of mensuration at lower secondary level.Item A relation betweem home environment and mathematics achievement(2014) Paudel, Netra prasad; Raj Kumar Niraula 2014This study was intended to find “A Relation Between Home Environment and Mathematics Achievement” of the students studying at secondary level. It also intended to answer the following questions: • Does the achievement affect the facilities provided at home? • Does the achievement affect due to different family structures? • Does parent’s high expectations imply to their children’s high mathematics achievement? For the study, through the purposive sampling, 50 Janjati families and their children were chosen from Sankhuwasava district. The primary data were obtained by the survey form and questionnaires and the secondary data were obtained from the corresponding schools of the children. To analyze and interpretation of the data the researcher found following results: • The availability of the facilities at home were not sufficient. • The family structure does not affect the children’s mathematics achievement. • Most of the families were found medium sized. • Family structure did not seem to have effects on mathematics achievement. • Certainly, the parental expectations were depending upon the parents' education and social economic status of the family. Average family expected to support their children to get SLC level education. • Parental expectation had positive relationship with the mathematics achievement of their children.Item Factors influencing students' high performance in mathematics(2014) Singh,Satya Narayan; Arjun NeupaneThe purpose of this study was to identify and understand factors influencing the high performance of students in mathematics. The research questions guiding this study were to find the factors which contribute to better performance in mathematics and to examine the role of parents and teachers for student's high performance in mathematics. This study sought to understand the factors that shaped the participants’ decision to persist and succeed in mathematics. This study employed interpretive case study methodology in which interview data from six high-achieving students from public schools were collected, transcribed and analyzed. To draw the conclusion from the case study a comparison was made with the six average performing students collecting date and analyzing them by applying same methods and procedures. The study employed elements mainly from family and school environment for analysis. High achieving and average achieving students were determined on the basis of mathematics score of final exam of immediately previous class. Findings indicate that parent's educational level, satisfaction of the student with teacher's teaching style and active participation in classroom learning have excellent effect on student's high performance in mathematics. Further, parent's guidance & counseling, parent's financial condition and regular attendance in classroom have moderate effect on performance of students in mathematics. And, motivation from parents, parent's expectation, teacher's expectation and motivation in school also contribute in student's high performance in mathematics but not in great scale.Item Imapact of home environment mathematics learning achievement(2014) Khojwar, Sita Devi; Eka Ratna AcharyaThis is a case study related to the “Impact of Home Environment on Mathematics Learning Achievement in Magar Students of Basic School Level at Jaubari VDC of Nawalparasi District.” The objective of this study was to identify the major factors and causes involved in the home environment of Magar students which impact their mathematics learning achievement. This study was qualitative and descriptive in nature. The study was conducted with the sample size of ten Magar students among them 5 from grade IV and 5 from grade V selected from the Shree Udaya Secondary School Bhadauri, Nawalparasi. This case study has been organized into five chapters. The first chapter gives the introductory information of the study. The second chapter, mainly the review of related literature deals with empirical, theoretical and conceptual understanding of the study. The third chapter includes design of the study, selection of school, respondents, tools for research, data collection procedure, data analysis and interpretation of the data. The fourth chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of the collected data were acquired from the parents, school administration, students and teachers with the help of interview and class observation. The fifth chapter deals the analysis and interpretation of the collected data according to design an attempts has been made to summarize and enlist the findings, providing some recommendation for pedagogical purpose. This study carried out with the tools class observation with teacher, interview with selected students, their parents, mathematics teacher and focus group discussion with selected parents of the students. The Magar students are socially, economically, educationally backward. Their learning achievement is very low in mathematics. The major factors involved in home environment were the parent's education, parent's occupation, family size, household workload, homework checking. Therefore Magar students were affected by their home environment to gain knowledge in mathematics. Mathematics learning achievement of basic school level students was found greatly affected by the home environment. Thus home environment plays the important role by achieving good education. Mathematics learning achievement of basic school level students was found greatly affected by the home environment.Item Relationship between beliefs and achievements in mathematics(2014) Joshi, Bhim Kant; Bed Prasad DhakalThis is a survey study aimed to find out relationship between beliefs and achievement of mathematics. This study also compares such beliefs by gender, location and structure of schools to investigate the relationship between beliefs and achievements in mathematics. A total of 200 students' from Kailali district were the participants of the study. Of the 200 students' 90 were males, 110 were females; 100 were from public school and 100 were from private school; 100 from urban area and 100 from rural area. The main instruments used in the survey were a set of opponnaire with 40 statements. This opponnaire was composed of five point likert scale items. The scores 5, 4,3,2,1 were given in the favor of SA, A, N, D, SD respectively for positive statement. Similarly, the scoring process was reversed for negative statement. The total score of each statement of MBO was computed and they were compared with the moderate score. If the total score exceeded to moderate score, then it was concluded that statement yielded positive belief and this evaluation technique was reversed for negative statement. At the end, the t-test was used to test significant difference between belief and achievement score by gender, structure of school, and location of school. The relationship between beliefs and achievement was also tested by computing Pearson's correlation coefficient. This research yielded that the students of grade X have positive beliefs about mathematics, male and female showed similar beliefs toward mathematics. Public and private school students showed similar beliefs and the beliefs do not differ by location of school.. There existed positive and moderate relationship between students beliefs and achievement in mathematics.Item Causes of failure in mathematics at higher secondary level(2014) Khadaka, Madan Singh; Bed Prasad DhakalThis is a case study and qualitative in nature related to causes of failure in Mathematics. The objective of this study was to identify causes of failure in Mathematics at Mahendra Higher Secondary School, Dadeldhura. A total of 12 students of grade XII of mathematics of Mahendra Higher Secondary School, Dadeldhura were the participants of the study. Among 12 students all were boys. The instruments used in the study were interview and observation. Two separate interviews for students and teacher were used on the basis of guideline prepared on the theme school environment, home environment, students related variables and teacher related variables. Class observation was used during teaching learning activities. The observation mainly focused on school environment, teaching learning process. After collecting information from interview and observation, common results were categorized and then data were analyzed. The findings of study show that the school has sufficient physical facilities. The causing variables related to home environment were parents' occupation, parents' level of schooling, parents' support, household work and mathematics study at home. There was no proper interaction between students to each other and also teacher and students. The causing variable related to school environment were class environment and class work. Similarly the causing variables related to students' were poor high school base, poor language skills and vagueness about long-range goals.Item Effect of reinforcement in Mathematic achivement(2014) Timalsena, Anju Sharma; Abatar SubediMathematic is the most useful subject in our daily life. So, it is taught at every level up to secondary level as compulsory subject. From S.L.C result it has been seen that most of the students failed in mathematics. The researcher has tried to find out the effect of reinforcement in mathematic achievement at primary level. This is an experimental research entitled Effect of Reinforcement in Mathematics Achievement.The objective of the study were ‘to compare the achievement of the students taught by using reinforcement and without using reinforcement in mathematics’ and to analyze the behaviors of students in learning mathematics at classroom. A pretest, posttest, non-equivalent group design was adopted to fulfill the objective of the study. For this, two school were selected by convenience sampling method from Dhading district, which were similar in terms of achievement and socio-economic status. Both the experimental and control group were taught by researcher herself for 23 days by using and without using reinforcement respectively. Researcher taught the selected units of mathematics text book of grade three prescribed by government of Nepal. Student’s behavior was observed by the researcher during the experimentation. After this, an achievement test was administered on the both group. The result of test was analyzed by using t-test at 0.05 level of significance difference. It is found that the mean achievement score of the students taught by using reinforcement is better than the mean achievement score of the students taught by without using reinforcement. From the observation, it is concluded that almost of the students taught by using reinforcement were very competitive, active, regular, concentrative and laborious.Item Error analysis of grade x students in solving mensuration problems(2013) Ghimire, Salikram; Hari Prasad UpadhayayThis study was carried out to answer the research questions what type of errors do students commit in solving problems of mensuration? And what are the causes of errors in solving problems? The design of research is mixed method using and Newman's criteria for error analysis as a theoretical basis of study. All secondary schools students of Kavre district studying in academic year 2070 constituted population of study. One government school and one private school were selected randomly. One hundred students of these two schools were taken to constitute sample for written test. A mini-sample of 20 students was selected for interview. Written test and interview schedule were used for the tools. Written test consists 10 questions of mensuration section from grade X textbook. Reliability of test was evaluated by piloting upon 40 students in New Rising School, Rayale of grade X and was found to be 0.91. Validity was constructed by critical judgment of supervisor. The data collected from answer sheets were analyzed by comparing frequency of students (with percentages) under different errors and on the whole. Data obtained from interview were analyzed qualitatively by interpreting causes of errors made on answer sheets of written test. Of all the students on the average one fifth made either process skill or transformation errors. One tenth students made reading errors. Comprehension errors were made because of lack of proper understanding of geometric terminologies and less skill to use formula of mensuration. Transformation errors were made because of insufficient knowledge of definitions and less skill to transform sentences into mathematical form. Students made careless errors because they want to work too quickly, they felt bored and fatigue. Students made many other errors because of their week foundation.Item Factors affecting Mathematics achivement of student at secondary level(2015) Lamichhae, Bhola Nath; Krishna Prasad AdhikariThis study focuses on the “Factors Affecting Mathematics Achievement of Students’ at Secondary Level.” This is a survey type study that attempts to describe the achievement of Mathematics and to analyze the factors that affects the achievement of students. Six public schools were selected randomly from all public schools of Parbat district. One set of achievement test was administrated to find out the achievement level of students of selected grade of selected school. And one set of opinionnaire scale was prepared and distributed to the students to find out the effect of teaching learning process, home environment, social variable, time variable, school environment and error in problem solving in students’ achievement. Unstructured interviews were taken with the mathematics teacher from respective sample school concerning towards these factors. Related literature, mathematical tools which are related to this study have been used to interpret and made reflection over the analyzed information. Student’s t- Value and χ2-value were used to interpret the result. This study shows that the achievement of mathematics is very low in. The main factors that affects in achievement in mathematics are parents economic condition, parents’ education, prior knowledge, different error made by students in solving mathematical problems, peer groups, school environment, teaching learning process, drill and practice.Item Relevance of knowledge of real analysis in mathematics instruction at secondary level(2025) Chhettri, Dev Bahadur; Bishnu KhanalAvailable in full textItem Mathematical modeling of the impact of yoga on communicable disease transmission dynamics(2025) Bhatta, Raghubir; Dinesh PanthiAvailable in full text.