Education

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Analysis Of English Vocabulary At Grade Seven English TextBook
(Faculty of Education, 2021) Rai, Dhurba
This research is about analysis of vocabulary at Grade VII English textbook of Government school. The research is carried out to list, categorize and analyzed. The focus was on content words and their class and frequency. The research work found 489 words to be used textbook which belongs to different parts of speech. The researcher work as whole and unit wise using tables, pie-chart. There are discussed and analyzed. The frequency was counted unit wise. The data were presented using table and charts and then described and analyzed. Among them nouns occupied most 42.74 percentage, verbs 26.78 percentage, adjectives 17.18 percentage and adverbs 13.30 percentage. Moreover the higher frequency is found in verbs (92) followed by adverb (85) and the list is on nouns (31). This thesis consist of five chapters. Chapter one consist of general background, objectives of study, significance of study, delimitation of study etc. Chapter two deals with review of related literature and conceptual framework. Chapter three deals with methods and procedure of the study. It also includes design of the study and process of data collection. Chapter four deals with analysis and interpretation of the study. Chapter five consist of summary conclusion and implications. The remaining few pages consist of references and appendix.
Effectiveness Of Drama Technique for Teaching Speaking Skill At Secondary Level
(Faculty of Education, 2019) Timsina, Raju
This research report Effectiveness of Drama Technique for Teaching Speaking Skill at Secondary Level was aimed to investigate about how students' speaking skills may be enhanced through the employment of drama techniques. Indeed, drama activities are believed to foster students' interest in the subject and consequently to improve their speaking abilities at secondary level. This research has been carried out practically to address the issue of students speaking ability through drama skill. An experimental research design was adopted, for this purpose, Bishwa Adarsh Secondary School Itahari-4 was selected by judgmental sampling method and 30 students from grade IX were taken as sample population. Test items were the main tools for data collection. In order to achieve the goal of research the students were divided into two groups viz, an experimental group and a control group on the basis of alphabetical order of their names. Both groups have been administered pre-test to measure their initial level of proficiency. Both groups were taught 25 lesson plans separately. In continuation, the experimental group was taught by using learner-centered teaching method based on drama activities; meanwhile the control group was taught using traditional method.After completion of teaching 25 lesson plans, a post-test was administered using the same test item of the pretest. Then performance scores of the students of both tests were compared and analyzed. The main finding of the research is that teaching by using drama technique was found more effective for developing speaking skill than traditional way of teaching.The conclusions of theresearch showed that experimental group was better than the control group. It means that drama technique was very fruitful to teach speaking skill. The present study consists of five main chapters. The first chapter deals with the introduction of the study where it deals with background of the study, statement of the problem, objective, research questions,and significance of the study and the delimitations with operational definitions of the key terms are discussed. The second chaper contains the review of related literature,and conceptual framework. Similarly, the third chapter deals with methodology and procedures of the study. It includes design of the study, sources of data, sample population and procedures of the study, data collection tools, data collection procedure and data analysis and interpretation. Likewise, the fourth chapter includes results and discussions that deal with the analysis and interpretation of the data. Finally, the fifth chapter comprises of the summary, conclusions and implication. At the end, the references and appendixes are included.
Facilities And Practices Of Health Services In Government Schools
(Faculty Of Health Education, 2020) Gautam, Bijay
The present study entitled Practices and Facilities of School Health Services in Sundarharaincha Muncipality Government School has been conducted to point out the Appraisal, Preventive and Remedial aspects of School Health Services practices and facilities in government school. Sundarharaincha Muncipality was selected for the study purpose. The purposive and convenience sampling method were used to sample the respondent to collect essential data. Collected data were described by descriptive, qualitative and quantitative research design. According to the study, only 7% school have good playground, 81% schools don’t have appropriate ventilation and window,only 7% schools have good condition oftoilets and 76% have soap in toilet, 65% have appropriate furniture, 60.5% schoolsuse tap as sources of water but none of them purify water before drinking. About 51%schools have enough dustbin and only 51% schools sanitation is good, 81.5% schools use burning method to manage waste. About 35% schools do health observation, 14% do screening test and only 7% do health examination. Only 2% school have school clinic facilities, 7% have separate treatment room, 2% have health specialist, 14% schools conduct health campaign and only 21% have essential drugs. All schools provide knowledge about disease and safety measures but only 46.5% have used safety measures at school, only 28%follow up infected students, 84% have first aid facilities. All schools provide healthguidance and councelling facilities and refer to hospital in an emergency, only 37%schools have exceptional child but only 6.25% have separate room for exceptional child. The above fact shows that most of the school existing condition, appraisal aspects,preventive aspects and remedial aspects is poor. Due to this the students are facing different problem in health as well as in teaching learning activities. Hence it is very necessary to focus on school health services for betterment and all round development of students and future of country. Hence to overcome this situation government, local government as well as school administration should work on S.H.S and provide knowledge on it through different seminar, workshop and training to teachers and implement School Health Program effectively.
Sexual And Reproductive Health Knowledge And Attitude Among Adolescent Students
(Faculty Of Health Education, 2018) Adhikary, Arjun
The study entitled "Study on Sexual and Reproductive Health Knowledge and Attitude among Adolescent students in Itahari Municipality, Tarahara, Sunsari District" is conducted among 140 adolescent students. The main objectives of the study were to find out and compare the knowledge and attitude of adolescent students on sexual and reproductive health. After analyzing the data it shows that all of the respondents were familiar about some degree of sexual and reproductive health. The common source of getting knowledge on that is school/teachers, parents, magazines, friends and course books. Maximum respondents were familiar about SRH. Most of them said they have experienced about physical change of weight and height. They know about menstruation and it is the sign of puberty. Most of the respondents know about the reproductive organs and reproductive system; likewise they have heard about masturbation. They have negative attitude towards pre-marital sexual activities because they think such activities have risk of various sexual disease like HIV/AIDS etc. This study presents the current level of knowledge and attitude adolescent students on sexual and reproductive health. The study is plotted into five chapters. The first chapter of this thesis comprises general background, statement of the problem, Significance of the study, objective of the study, delimitation of the study and definition of the operational terms. Second chapter deals with review of the related literature, empirical literature and conceptual framework. Chapter three methodology is devoted to design of the study, sources of data, population and sample, size, sampling procedure, data collection tools, data collection procedure and data analysis and interpretation. Chapter four is related to results and discussion. Chapter five presents the summary, conclusion and implication .In the final section references and appendixes are included.
Study of sexual harassment of female students in Karfook Multiple Campus Manchakanya, Illam
(2015) Rai, Dikpal; Sanjeev Kumar Yadav
Available in fulltext
Teacher's Perceptions And Practices Of Action Reacher In Communit Schools Of Nepal
(Faculty of Education, 2021-12) Rai, Sushila
This study aims to explore the community school teachers’ perceptions and practices of implementing action research in their classrooms. Further, it attempts to investigate how they have perceived action research as one of the professional development tools and how they have been practicing in their classroom.This study has precisely carried out in order to understand the community school teachers’ perception and practices on action research. This study intends to find out the problems and challenges that they have been facing while conducting action research. Selecting 50 community school teachers purposively from Sunsari district as sample population, I used mixed method research design. Analyzing the collected data, I found that most of the teachers are well known about action research. They have positive perceptions on action research and they have been doing action research in their classroom regularly. From my research it is also found that a few teachers are not aware of action research as they take action research as time consuming and difficult to conduct. This thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter one consists of introduction of action research, background of action research, practices of action research in Western countries,practices of action research bin South Asian countries and also the practice of action research in Nepal. Chapter one also consists of statement of the problem, rational of the study, objectives of the study and significance of the study, research questions and de-limitations of the study. Similarly, chapter two consists of review of related literature, implication of the review of related literature and conceptual framework. Likewise, chapter three consists of methodologies, sample population and data collection procedure. Chapter four consists of analysis and interpretation of data and demographics of the participants. Finally, chapter five consists of findings, conclusion and recommendations. The final section contains references and appendixes.
कक्षा एघारको नेपाली पाठयपुस्तक (२०७७) को कथा विधामा प्रयुक्त तत्सम शब्दको अध्ययन(Kakṣha ēghārakō nēpālī pāṭhayapustak (2077) kō kathā vidhāmā prayukta tatsam śabdakō adhyyan)
(नेपाली भाषा शिक्षा सङ्काय, 2021) श्रेष्ठ shrestha, उर्मिलाUrmila
शोधप्रक्रिया ः प्रस्तुत शोधकार्यलाई पाँच अध्यायमा विभाजन गरिएको छ । पहिलो अध्यायमा शोधको परिचयअन्तर्गत पृष्ठभूमि, समस्या कथन, अध्ययनको उद्देश्य, औचित्य र महत्त्व, अध्ययनको सीमाङकन र पारिभाषिक शब्दलाई समावेश गरिएको छ । अध्याय दुईमा पूर्वकार्यको समीक्षा, पूर्वकार्यको उपयोगिता÷कार्यन्वयन र सैद्धान्तिक अवधारणात्मक संरचना समावेश गरिएको छ । अध्याय तीनमा अध्ययनको प्रक्रिया÷विधि अन्तर्गत अध्ययनको संरचना, जनसङख्या र नमुना छनोट प्रक्रिया, तथ्याङक सङकलनको प्रक्रिया, तथ्याङकको विश्लेषण र व्याख्या प्रक्रिया समावेश गरिएको छ । अध्याय चारमा कक्षा एघारको नेपाली पाठयपुस्तक अन्तर्गत कथा विधामा प्रयुक्त सम्पूर्ण शब्द सङख्या, तत्सम शब्द सङख्या र तत्सम शब्दको प्रतिशत समेत प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । यसका साथै आवृत्ति भएका शब्द र आवृत्तिको स्थितिलाई तालिकामा देखाइएको छ । पाँचौ अर्थात अन्तिम अध्यायमा सारांश, निष्कर्ष उपयोगिता र कार्यान्वय, सुझाव र भावी अनुसन्धानका लागि शीर्षकहरू उल्लेख गरिएको छ । यस शोधपत्रमा कक्षा एघारको नेपाली पाठयपुस्तक अन्तर्गत कथा विधामा तत्सम शब्द के कस्ता छन, कथामा तत्सम शब्दको बनोट कस्तो छ, तत्सम शब्दको शब्दवर्ग के कस्ता छन, कथामा शब्दको आवृत्तिको अवस्था कस्तो छ भन्ने उद्देश्य राखिएको छ । यस शोधपत्रको तत्सम शब्द सम्बन्धित भएर शोधकार्य गर्न चाहने भावी शोधकर्तालाई दिशानिर्देशन गर्नका साथै कक्षा एघारमा अध्ययनरत विद्यार्थीलाई तत्सम शब्दको अर्थ, व्युत्पत्ति आदिका बारेमा ज्ञान दिन सहयोग पुग्दछ ।
राष्ट्रनिर्माता खण्डकाव्यमा प्रयुक्त तत्समशब्दको अध्ययन {Rastranirmata Khandakabyama Prayukta Tatsamsabdako Adhyayan}
(Faculty of Education, 2019) भट्टराई Bhattarai, रञ्जन Ranjan
शोधशीर्षकःराष्ट्रनिर्माता खण्डकाव्यमा प्रयुक्त तत्समशब्दको अध्ययन शोधविधिः प्रस्तुत शोधपत्रको सामग्रीको सङकलनको प्रमुख आधार पुस्तकालयीय विधिअपनाइएको छ । शोधपत्रमाप्रयुक्ततथ्य र तथ्याङकलाई व्याख्या र विश्लेषणात्मक विधिद्वारा प्रस्तुतगरिएको छ । शोध प्रक्रियाः प्रस्तुत शोधकार्यलाई पाँच अध्यायमा विभाजनगरिएको छ । पहिलो अध्यायमा शोधको परिचय अन्तर्गत पृष्ठभूमि, समस्याकथन, अध्ययनको औचित्य र महत्व, अध्ययनको उद्देश्य, अध्ययनको सीमाङकन र पारिभाषिक शब्दहरू समावेश गरिएका छन । अध्याय दुईमा पूर्वकार्यको समीक्षा तथा धारणात्मक संरचना अन्तर्गत पूर्वकार्यको समीक्षा, पूर्वकार्यका उपयोगिता÷कार्यान्वयन र सैद्धान्तिक धारणात्मक संरचना समावेश गरिएको छ । अध्याय तीनमा अध्ययनको प्रक्रिया÷ विधिअन्तर्गत अध्ययनको संरचना, जनसङख्या र नमुना, नमुना छनोट प्रक्रिया, तथ्याङक संकलनका साधनहरू, तथ्याङक सङकलनका प्रक्रिया र तथ्याङक विश्लेषण र व्याख्याप्रक्रिया समावेश गरिएको छ । अध्यायचारमा राष्ट्रनिर्माता खण्डकाव्यमा प्रयुक्त तत्समशब्दहरूको वर्ग, व्युत्पत्ति, अर्थका आधारमा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । साथै प्रत्येक पाठमा प्रयुक्त सम्पूर्ण शब्दसङख्या, तत्समशब्दसङख्या र तत्समशब्दहरूको प्रतिशतको स्थिति प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । यसका साथै आवृत्तिभएका शब्दहरूर आवृत्तिको स्थितिलाई तालिकामा देखाइएको छ । पाचाँै अर्थात अन्तिमअध्यायमा निष्कर्ष, सुझाव, भावी अनुसन्धानका लागिसम्भावितशीर्षक आदिउल्लेख गरिएको छ । यस शोधपत्रमा राष्ट्रनिर्माता खण्डकाव्यमा क कस्ता तत्समशब्दहरू रहेका छनभन्ने पत्ता लगाउनु, खण्डकाव्यकातत्सम शब्दहरूको बनोट प्रक्रिया पत्ता लगाउनु र खण्डकाव्यका तत्समशब्दहरूको अवस्था र आवृत्तिको अवस्था पत्तालगाउन जस्ता उद्देश्यहरू राखिएको छ । यस शोधपत्रले तत्समशब्दसँग सम्बन्धित भएर शोधकाय गर्न चाहनभावीशोधकर्तालाई दिशानिर्देश गर्नाका साथै एमएड पथम वर्षमा अध्ययनरत विद्यार्थीहरूलाई तत्समशब्दको अर्थ, निर्माणप्रक्रिया र शब्द आदिका बारेमा ज्ञान दिन सहयोग गर्ने छ । राष्ट्रनिर्माता खण्डकाव्यमा प्रयुक्त तत्समशब्दहरूका अध्ययन विश्लेषणबाट निकालिएको निष्कर्षका आधारमा निम्नलिखित सुझावहरू पस्तुतगरिएको छः – यस खण्डकाव्यमा तत्समशब्दको प्रयोग ज्यादै भएको देखिन्छ । – अप्ठयारा तत्सम शब्दहरूको आवृत्तिभइरहे पाठकहरूलाई सहजहुने थियो । – सबै सगका अन्त्यमा कठिनतत्समशब्दहरूको शब्दार्थ स्तम्भ राखिनु पर्ने देखिन्छ। – राष्ट्रनिर्माता खण्डकाव्यमा तत्सम, तदभव र आगन्तुकतीनै स्रोतबाट आएका शब्दहरू छनोट गर्नुपर्ने देखिन्छ । – तत्समशब्दको आवृत्तिको स्थितिलाई हेर्दा राष्ट्रनिमाता खण्डकाव्यमा अत्यधिक मात्रामा तत्सम शब्दहरूका आवृत्तिभएको देखिन्छ तर यसो नभएर तत्समशब्दहरूको पुनरावृत्तिकम हुनुपर्ने देखिन्छ ।
सामुदायिक विद्यालयको एस.एल.सी. परीक्षामा गणित विषयको परिणाम एक अध्ययन{Samudayik bidyalayko S.L.C. parikshama ganit bisayako parinam eak adhyayan]
(पाठयक्रम तथा मूल्याङकन संकाय, 2017) माेची, सुरतलाल Mochi, Suratlal
सामुदायिक विदयालयका एस.एल.सी.परीक्षामा गणित विषयको परिणाम एकअध्ययन शीर्षक अन्तर्गत गरिएको यस शोध कार्यको मुख्य उद्देश्य ः सामुदायिक विदयालयको एस.एल.सी.परीक्षामा गणित विषयको समस्या र समाधानको उपाय रहेको छ ।यस अध्ययनको परिसीमा मा सुनसरी जिल्लाका भा.सी.,इटहरी,र बालाहा स्रोतकेन्द्र भित्र सञ्चालित५ वटा सामुदायिक विदयालयमा शैक्षिक बर्ष २०६९, २०७० र २०७१ सालकाएस.एल.सी. परीक्षा परिणाममा मात्र सीमित गरिएको छ । सम्बन्धित साहित्यकापुनरावलोकन तथा सैध्दान्तिक खाकामा सरिड,प्याजे आदिको लेखलाइसमेटिएका छन । यस अनसन्धान कार्यमा परिमाणात्मक र गुणात्मक दुवै विधिको प्रयोग गरिएका छ ।तथ्याङकको सङकलनका लागि प्रश्नावली, स्थलगत अध्ययन अवलाेकन फारम,लक्षित समूह छलफल निर्देशिका र अन्तरवार्ता जस्ता साधनको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । जनसङख्या छनोटकालागि ५ ओटा सामुदायिक विद्यालयका, ५ जना प्रधानाध्यापक÷प्राचार्य, ५जना विद्यालयव्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष, ५जना गणित शिक्षक र कक्षा १० का ४÷४जनाको दरले जम्मा २० जना विद्यार्थी र १जना स्रोत व्यक्ति गरी कुल जम्मा ३६जनालाई तथ्याङकका स्रोतका रुपमा प्रयोग गरिएको छ । तथ्याङकको स्रातको रुपमा प्राथमिक र द्वितीय स्रोतकाप्रयोग गरिएको छ । तथ्याङक विश्लेषण गरी तालिका र प्रतिशतमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । याे अध्ययन पूरा गर्ने क्रममा उद्देश्यमुलक छनोट विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । छनौटमा परेका विदयालयहरुको गणित विषयका परिणाम औषत रुपमा २३% रसिकाइउपलब्धि १८.०६ रहेकोले परिणाम ज्यादै न्यून देखिन्छ । गणित विषयमा देखिएका प्रमुख समस्याहरुमा विदयार्थीहरुको अनियमित उपस्थिति,पूर्वज्ञानको कमी, शिक्षण सामग्रीका अभाव,अभ्यासको कमी रहेका छन । समस्या समाधानका उपायहरुमा विद्याथीहरु नियमित उपस्थिति हुन वातावरण बनाउनुपर्ने, पूर्वज्ञान बढाउनमा जोड दिनुपर्ने, शिक्षण सामग्रीका ब्यवस्था हुनुपर्ने, पटक–पटक अभ्यासमा जोड दिनुपर्ने आदिरहेका छन । मुख्य प्राप्तिहरुमाविदयालयले अनियमित उपस्थिति रोक्न कुनै ठोस पहल नगरेको, आवश्यक र उपयुक्तशिक्षण समग्रीको ब्यवस्था नगरेको, पूर्वज्ञान बढाउनमा जोड नगरेको, गणित विषयकासिकाइ उपलब्धि ज्यादै न्यून रहेको, अभिभावकहरुको पढाइ प्रतिको अभिरुचि कम रहेका देखिन्छ । निष्कर्षमा अनियमित उपस्थिति, शिक्षण समग्रीको अभाव, पूर्वज्ञानका कमीले गदायोजना अनुसार काम नभइ गणित विषयको परिणाम एवं सिकाइ उपलब्धि ज्यादै न्यूनदेखिन्छ । प्रमुख सुझावहरुमा नीतिगत तहले पाठयक्रम, पाठयपुस्तक, शिक्षक निर्देशिका र सन्दर्भ सामग्री पर्याप्त मात्रामा सवै विदयालयमा उपलब्ध गराइगणित शिक्षकहरुका लागि अभिमुखीकरण कार्यक्रमहरु र गाष्ठिहरु सञ्चालन गर्नुपर्ने देखिन्छ, पूर्वज्ञानलाइ ध्यान दिदै याेजनाका साथ शिक्षण गर्नुपर्ने देखिन्छ, गणित विषयको अन्य तहमा पनि अध्ययन अनुसन्धान गर्नुपर्ने दखिन्छ ।

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