Browsing by Subject "Writing skills"
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Item An Analysis of Course Book “Reason to Write: Strategies For Success In Academic Writing”(Department of Education English, 2011) Khatiwada, Dhruba RajThe present study is entitled, An Analysis of Coursebook “Reason to write: Strategies for Success in Academic Writing”. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the course book, ‘Reason to Write: Strategies for Success in Academic Writing (advanced)’ in terms of its academic aspects and writing skills mentioned in it. This research has been carried on the basis of theoretical framework mentioned by Harmer (2008) along with some additional ones. For this, the researcher prepared questionnaire containing 47 open-ended questions. Then the researcher went through the book ‘Reason to write: Strategies for Success in Academic Writing’. After that the researcher filled in the questionnaire himself by using content analysis and his own experience. Thus, the sources of data of this research are only secondary sources. In his research, he finds that this book has been prepared for develop writing skills. It has been prepared on the basis of task-based approach. So, this book follows the principle ‘developing writing skills by reading’. Similarly, while learning this book, students cannot remain passive because it has been written on student center teaching method. However, there are some obstacles to apply it in classrooms in our contexts since it has been written in western culture and contexts. This study is divided into four chapters. The first chapter introduces general background of the topic, review of the related literature, objectives and significance of the study. The second chapter that is methodology encompasses the sources of data, process of data collection and limitations of the study. The third chapter analyzes, interprets and presents the data. Descriptive and analytical approaches are used for the purpose. The fourth chapter presents the findings of the study on the basis of the analysis and interpretation of data. On the basis of the findings some recommendations and pedagogical implications are drawn. The fourth chapter is followed by references and appendices.Item An Analysis of the Language Used in Recommendation Letters(Central Department of English Education, 2015) K.C., NishaThe present study is entitled asAn Analysis of Language Used in Recommendation Letters. The main aim of this study was to analyze the language used in Experience Letters as the domain of recommendation letters issued by the private English medium schools in terms of sentence, tense, voice, adjectives and register. The data of the research was secondary, and was judgmentally collected from the forty related private boarding schools of Kaski district. Then, the data was collected through the use of observational tool. The outcomes extracted from the data were tabulated on the basis of their linguistic characteristics. Next, the registers were analyzed comparing the common meaning with specific meaning. Then, a simple statistical tool was used to analyze the data by calculating the average and percentage. From the study of the language of experience letters it was found that, simple sentences, non-past tense and active voice and attributive adjectives were highly used. It was also found that only few and straight forward sentences were used in experience letters. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter consists of background of the study, statements of the problem, objective of the study, research question, significance of the study, delimitations of the study and operational definitions of the key terms. The second chapter consists of review of theoretical literature, review of empirical literature, implication of the review for the study and conceptual framework of the research. The third chapter deals with methodology adopted to carry out the research. It consists of design of this study, population of the study, sampling procedure, data collection tools, data collection procedures and delimitations of the study. The fourth chapter deals with analysis and interpretation of the results. It consists of analysis of data and interpretation of the results and summary/ discussion of the findings. Finally, the fifth chapter consists of the conclusions and recommendation followed by references and appendices.Item An analysis of writing tasks included in the English textbook for grade 11(Department of English Education, 2023) Yadav, Krishn KumarThis research entitled An Analysis of Writing Tasks Included in the English Textbook for Grade 11. The objective of this study were to explore how far writing tasks are designated based on Nunan (2004) taxonomy of task types and to identify and analyze the writing tasks included in English textbook for grade eleven. This study follow descriptive survey research design which is quantitative in nature. To achieve the objectives of the study I used two sets of checklist as the major tools of data collection. To achieve the first objective I prepared the checklist presented by Nunan (2004) taxonomy of task types. Similarly, to the second objective based on Harmer (2007) and River (1978) theoretical grounded. Data were analyzed and interpreted both in statically and descriptively. The frequency and presented of the type of writing tasks were calculated and tabulated. Out of 124 different cognitive, interpersonal, linguistic, affective and creative writing tasks approximately 100 writing tasks (I.e.80.64%) have been identified from the Nunan's (2004) taxonomy of tasks. It has been also identified that cognitive tasks and creative tasks are used more in number then others. Finally the result of the study showed that the writing tasks included in the textbook are fully contextualicensed, practical,creative and useful in real life situations. This thesis consists of five chapter. The first chapter encompasses the introductorypart including background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitation of the study and operational definitions of the key terms. Similarly, the second chapter deals with the review of theoretical literature, review of related empirical literature, implication of the review for the study, theoretical and conceptual framework. The third chapter consists of design of the study, population, sample and sampling strategy, research tools, sources of data, data collection procedures, data analysis and interpretation procedure and ethical considerations. The fourth chapter consists, an overview of the writing tasks included in the textbook, types of writing tasks included in the textbook, analysis of writing tasks based on Nunan's Taxonomy of Tasks. And the fifth chapter consists of findings, conclusion and recommendations.Item The challenges of free writing skills in EFL classrooms(Department of English Education, 2021) Khadka, RajeevThe present study entitled ‘The Challenges of Free Writing Skills in EFL Classroom’ was carried to explore the proficiency of secondary level students in free writing activities and to identify the challenges faced by secondary level students in free writing activities. I used survey research design to accomplish this study. In order to carry out this study, I collected the data from forty secondary level students studying in Tamakoshi Rural Municipality through non random sampling procedure. A set of questionnaire and a test item were used as the main tools for data collection. The findings of the study showed that the students seemed to feel difficult in applying correct grammar, choice of word, and writing mechanics such as: punctuation and capitalization in free writing. The data showed that they are good in organizational part where as poor in grammar. The findings showed that 83.33% of the students felt paragraph writing as the easiest area of writing while 80% of the students felt dialogue writing and 53.33 % of the students felt letter writing as the easiest area of the writing. On the contrary, 80% of the students felt essay writing as the toughest area of writing whereas 66.66 % of the students felt movie writing as the toughest area of the writing. Hence, the role of teacher in solving the problems such as giving suitable activities in teaching English writing and correcting in mechanic, organization, grammar, vocabulary, and content writing plays a vital role in solving the challenges faced by secondary level students in free writing activities. This thesis has been divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations of the study and operational definitions of the key terms. Whereas, second chapter incorporates the review of related literature, implication of the review of the study and conceptual framework. On the other hand, the third chapter deals with the methods and procedure of this study. Similarly, fourth chapter encompasses analysis and interpretation of data. Finally, fifth chapter deals with findings, summary, conclusion and recommendations of the study. And, in the final section, references and appendices are includedItem Developing Writing Skills through Paraorthographic Texts(Department of English Education, 2015) Ghimire, SamjhanaThe present study entitled “Developing Writing Skills through Paraorthographic Texts”is an attempt to find out the effectiveness of paraorthographic text to develop students’ writing skill. In order to carry out this study, I selected thirty students of grade nine of Rampur English Boarding Higher Secondary School, using non-random purposive sampling procedure. I used them as primary sources of data. After selecting the sample a pre-test was administered to determine the students’ initial proficiency level on the selected items. Then students were taught for twenty eight days using paraorthographic text. During that period, three progress tests were administered in the intervalof six days and at last post-test was administered. Finally, I analyzed the scores of the pre test, progress test and post test. Through the analysis and interpretation of the collected data it was found that paraorthographic texts helped in developing students’ proficiency in writing. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter deals with the introduction of the topic in which background, statement of the problems,objectives, research questions, significance of the study, delimitation of the study and the operational definition of key terms are included. The second chapter includes the review of both theoretical and empirical literature, along with the implication of the review for the study. It also includes conceptual framework. The third chapter deals with the methods and procedures of the study. It includes research design, population and sample,sampling procedure,data collection tools, data collection procedure and data interpretation procedures. The fourth chapter includes analysis and interpretation of the data and the summary of the findings. Then, the fifth chapter presents the conclusion of the study and recommendations. Moreover, it also suggests some pedagogical implications based on policy level, practice level and further study.This chapter is followed by references and appendices used for the study.Item The Development in Using Irregular Verbs in Writing(Department of English Education, 2009) Thagunna, Pan SinghThe research entitled"The Development in Using Irregular Verbs inWriting"is an attempt to find out the performance of students of governmentaided schools in the use of English irregular verbs. In order to do so theresearcher collected data from eighth graders of Dolakha district. The samplepopulation consisted of 50 students who were purposively selected as a singlegroup for the study. Two tests of the same test-items were taken in twodifferent occasions in the forms of pre-test and post test. The pre test was takenbefore the formal teaching of the subject matter to bestudied whereas the post-test was taken just after a month of formal instruction of the same subjectmatter to find out the development in using irregular verbs in writing. Other 4weekly texts were administrated between per and post tests within a month inorder to investigate their weekly gradual development in their performanceduring class instruction. For the analysis and interpretation of the data, theanswer-sheets were checked and scored. The scores obtained by the students inboth tests were compared and tabulated and interpreted employing quantitativeand descriptive methods. The research findings in total showed that theperformance of the students in using irregular verbs in writing was foundsatisfactory. In this research work, the students weremore proficient in the posttest than in the pre-test. They developed their proficiency quite obviously inpost test rather than in per-test in the sense that their post test was greater thanpost test score after they were taught for a month. This research work\study consisted of four chapters. Chapter one deals withthe introduction. It consists of the general background of the study,introduction and importance of the English language, introduction to thegrammar, word class, introduction to the verbs, learning stages, challenges inlearning skills, use of irregular verbs in writing, techniques of teaching writingskill and grammar, review of the literature, objectives of the study, andsignificance of the study. Chapter two describes the methodologyapplied inorder to carry out this research study. It includes sources of data collection,tools of data collection, sample population, sampling procedure process of datacollection and limitation of the study. Chapter three consists of the analysis andinterpretation of the data. The data were analyzed and interpreted using thestatistical tools like percentages, average, tables and descriptive method.Chapter four deals with findings and recommendations of the study. Based onthe analysis and interpretation some significant findings are listed. Somerecommendations for pedagogical implications and further researches are madeon the basis of findings. References and appendices follow this chapter.Item The Effectiveness of Group Work Technique in Teaching Guided Writing Skill(Department of English Education, 2018) Shrestha, Raj KumarThe research work entitled The Effectiveness of Group Work Technique in Teaching Guided Writing Skill is an attempt to find out the effectiveness of group work technique in course of teaching guided writing skill. The main objective of the study was to find out the effectiveness of group work technique in teaching guided writing skill. The study was carried out by adopting the experimental research design. The data were collected from pre and post-tests. Thirty students from Vibhuti Secondary School of Kathamandu district were the sample for this study. I selected them by adopting simple random sampling strategy. I divided into two groups: controlled and experimental. I taught experimental group using group work technique to teach guided writing skill for 24 days. I administrated pre-test and post-test in both groups. The data were analyzed using statically tools like average, percentage and difference between pre-test and post-test. It has been found that students under experimental group have performed better in post-test than controlled group. It means the use of group work technique produced better results than the use other conventional techniques. This study consists of five chapters. The first chapter deals with background of the study, statements of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations of the study and operational definitions of the key terms. The second chapter deals with the review of theoretical and empirical literature, implications of the reviewed literature and conceptual framework of the study. Likewise, the third chapter deals with the methodology adopted for the study in which, design of the study, population, sample and sampling strategy of the study, research tools, sources of data, data collection procedures and data analysis and interpretation procedures of the study and ethical considerations are discussed. The fourth chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of the collected data descriptively and using statistical tools like average and percentage. Similarly, the fifth chapter deals with the findings based on the analysis and interpretation of the data, conclusion derived from the findings and recommendations. This chapter is followed by references and appendixes.Item Effectiveness of Model Text Deconstruction Process in Teaching Writing Skills(Faculty of Education, 2010) Ghimire, Hari PrasadEveryone realizes that teaching writing is the most difficult skill of the four skills in language teaching. However, if some procedures are followed, it can be easy. This thesis is basically a comparative study between parallel writing and model text deconstruction approach in teaching writing skills. The main objective of the study was to find out the effectiveness of model text deconstruction approach in teaching writing skills in secondary level. The model text deconstruction is a new process in the context of Nepal in secondary level. I thought, if this process is developed in writing skills, it helps the learner to develop their writing skills and a good process of teaching writing can be developed. From the study, it was found that the model text deconstruction process in highly more effective than the parallel writing and it is easy for the students to develop their writing skills. Therefore, the students presented good performance in MTDP than in PWP. This thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter introduces the study in terms of general background, review of related literature, objectives and significance of the study. The second chapter explains the methodology. It deals with the sources of data, population of the study, sample population, tools for the data collection, process of data collection and limitations of the study. The third chapter presents the findings of the study and at last, some recommendations and pedagogical implications have been made on the basis of the findings.Item Effectiveness of Model Textdeconstruction Process in Teachingwriting Skills(Faculty of Education, 2010) Ghimire, Hari PrasadEveryone realizes that teaching writing is the most difficult skill of thefour skills in language teaching. However, if some procedures arefollowed, it can be easy. This thesis is basically a comparative studybetween parallel writing and modeltext deconstruction approach inteaching writing skills. The main objective of the study was to find outthe effectiveness of model text deconstruction approach in teachingwriting skills in secondary level. The model text deconstruction is a newprocessin the context of Nepal in secondary level. I thought, if thisprocess is development in writing skills, it helps the learner develop theirwriting skills and a good process of teaching writingcan be developed.From the study, it was found that the model text deconstruction process inhighly more effective than the parallel writing and it is easy for thestudents to develop their writing skills. Therefore, the students presentedgood performancein MTDP than in PWP.This thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter introduces thestudyin terms of general background review of related literature,objectives and significance of the study. The second chapter explains themethodology. It deals with the sources of data, population of the study,sample population, tools for the data collection, process of data collectionand collection and limitations of the study. The third chapter presents thefindings of the study and last, some recommendations and pedagogicalimplications have been made on the basis of the findings.Item Effectiveness of Newspaper Cut-outs in DevelopingWriting Skill(Department of English Education, 2015) Rana, BammanThe study entitled Effectiveness of Newspaper Cut-outs in Developing Writing Skill mainly focused on teaching, writing with the help of newspaper cut-outs. For this study, the researcher took sample consisting of thirty students of Nalanda Secondary Boarding School, Satdobato,Lalitpur. The study was based on primary source of data. The population of the study was sampled through random sampling procedure. Test items were the main tools for the data collection by taking pre-test and post-test. The collected data were coded on the basis of analysis and interpretation. The researcher came to the conclusion that using teaching materials while teaching writing skill has a significant role to enhance the students' writing. Moreover, students were found motivated and actively participated in the classroom. The whole thesis is divided into five chapters:The first chapter deals with the background of the study, statement of the problem, rational of the study,objectives of the study, significance, delimitations and operational definition of key terms.The second chapter deals with the review of therelated literature and conceptual framework.The first chapter three includes the vital elements of the research study, i.e. methodology which was adopted to conduct the whole study and described in detail. It contains the design of the study, sources of the data, sample size, tools fordata collection, data collection procedure and of analysis and interpretation. The result is discussed in chapter four and in the last chapter the whole study is summarized and concluded along with the implications.Item Feedback Provided by Teachers for Developing Writing Skills(Department of English Education, 2022) Bishwakarma, SantuThis research study entitled Feedback Provided by Teachers for Developing Writing Skills conducted to find out the existing ways of providing feedback by English teachers in developing writing skills and feedback techniques provided by English teachers in developing writing skills. This study was carried out using both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary data, fifty secondary level English teachers from public schools of Baglung District. I used survey research design to carry out this study. In addition, I selected 50 English teachers using purposive non-random sampling procedures. Similarly I used questionnaire tool to collect data. It was found that feedback plays a vital role in developing writing skills, as it is the most essential part in teaching language skills. Moreover, it was perceived that use of feedback technique is beneficial for the students to improve their writing skills. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter deals with the introduction of the study which consists of background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations of the study, and operational definition of the key terms. Similarly, the second chapter is about the review of theoretical as well as empirical literature and its implication for the study. Moreover, it also includes the conceptual framework. Likewise, the third chapter incorporates the research methodology which covers design and method of the study, population, sample and sampling strategy, research tools, sources of data, data collection procedures, data analysis procedures, and ethical considerations. In the same way, the forth chapter includes the results and discussion. At last, the fifth chapter incorporates the conclusion and implication of the study followed by some policies, and further research related recommendations based on the study.Item Feedback provided by teachers for developing writing skills(Department of English Education, 2022) Bishwakarma, SantuThis research study entitled Feedback Provided by Teachers for Developing Writing Skills conducted to find out the existing ways of providing feedback by English teachers in developing writing skills and feedback techniques provided by English teachers in developing writing skills. This study was carried out using both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary data, fifty secondary level English teachers from public schools of Baglung District. I used survey research design to carry out this study. In addition, I selected 50 English teachers using purposive non-random sampling procedures. Similarly I used questionnaire tool to collect data. It was found that feedback plays a vital role in developing writing skills, as it is the most essential part in teaching language skills. Moreover, it was perceived that use of feedback technique is beneficial for the students to improve their writing skills. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter deals with the introduction of the study which consists of background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations of the study, and operational definition of the key terms. Similarly, the second chapter is about the review of theoretical as well as empirical literature and its implication for the study. Moreover, it also includes the conceptual framework. Likewise, the third chapter incorporates the research methodology which covers design and method of the study, population, sample and sampling strategy, research tools, sources of data, data collection procedures, data analysis procedures, and ethical considerations. In the same way, the forth chapter includes the results and discussion. At last, the fifth chapter incorporates the conclusion and implication of the study followed by some policies, and further research related recommendations based on the study.Item Implementation Status of Continuous Assessment System in English Language Teaching(Faculty of English Education, 2018) Rajbanshi, YubarajEnglish has been taught as compulsory subject at all levels of school education system of Nepal (1-12). It has been taught as foreign language too. The most important volumes of world publications in science technology, and commerce have been published in English Language. Similarly the learning of English opens the world knowledge for our children. That is why, learning English is increasing worldwide. We use English as an international language of diplomacy, knowledge, business, communication, tourism, and so on. Moreover English has been enhanced as global language too. English has a dominant reputation, and position in the field of international media, modern science and information technology, literature, and academia. In the context of Nepal, English language learners cannot perform well because of less contextual learning or only through the bookish knowledge. The teacher emphasizes on reading and writing skills and the students just produce sentences poorly not contextually. This reflects in their learning achievements. The learning achievement of the students is not satisfactory in the government schools of Nepal. There might be number of reasons such as wrong trend of teaching, lack of teaching materials, poor teaching environment, methods, and, evaluation tools. The students have been evaluated through the oral and written examination in the government schools. In the terms of the evaluation, National Curriculum Development Centre has implemented Continuous Assessment System in the government schools throughout the country from grade one to seven (CDC,2069). According to this tools learners have been evaluated their performances immediately after each lesson through five determinants such as class work, project work, behaviour change, creative work, and attendance. As a researcher, I intend to get the real status of continuous assessment system in pedagogic field recently. Therefore, I conducted this researchbeing based on thefield survey. I included five chapters in this thesis. In the first chapter, I mentioned about the introduction of Continuous Assessment System. I also provided short history of teaching and evaluation system of school education. Expressing the existing problem of Evaluation, I formulated three objectives and questions for the research. In chapter two I expressed review of theoretical literature, review of empirical literature and implication of the review literature for the study so that they helped me to carry out research easily. I also included theoretical/ conceptual framework for more help. In chapter three, I mentioned design and method of the study, population and sample of the study, sampling procedure, sources of data, data collection tools and techniques, data collection procedures, data analysis and interpretation of procedure. In chapter four, I mentioned analysis of data and interpretation of the result. Similarly, in chapter five, I included conclusion and recommendation based on data that I found in my research.Item Inquiry based learning for developing writing skill(Department of English Education, 2018) Bhatta, Mahesh RajThis study entitled "Inquiry based learning for developing writing skill" aimed at finding out the role of inquiry based learning on developing writing skill. Specially, this study has been carried out to analyze the positive impact of inquiry based learning for developing writing skill. For the accomplishment of the research work, I selected thirty students of Shree Nepalaya Higher Secondary School Kalanki Kathmandu. While completing this work, I administered a pre- test to get the students initial proficiency level on writing skill and I administered a post- test to know about the students' progress on writing by adopting inquiry based techniques. During the four week teaching period, I administered progress test as well. The cause of taking pre-test and post-test was to observe and analyze the impact of inquiry based learning approach in students writing. The students' answer sheets were analyzed to see the improvement in their writing. By comparing the answer sheets of pre- test and post- test, it was found that writing skill of students was highly improved in post-test writing. The average score in pre test was 16.43(i.e.54.74%), in progress test the average score was 19.9(i.e.66.33%) and in the post- test the average score was 24.73(i.e.82.44%). I used holistic marking scream to score the students writing. The result indicates that the inquiry based techniques has positive impact on students writing. It was found that writing ability of the students was improved after adopting the inquiry techniques in writing. The thesis consists of five Chapters, Chapter 1 presents the introduction. It consists of background of the study, statements of the problems, significance of the study, objectives of the study, research questions, and delimitations of the study and operational definitions of the key terms. Similarly, Chapter 2 consists of the review of related literature and conceptual framework. Similarly Chapter 3 presents methods and procedures of the study. This includes design of the study, population and sampling procedures, data collection and data collection procedures. In the same way, Chapter 4 consists of results and discussion of the data. Finally, Chapter 5 incorporates summary, conclusion, and implications. On the basis of results and discussion, some important findings and implications for the policy level, practice level and further research have been made. And finally references and appendices are presented to finalize the study.Item Issues in teaching writing at basic level(Department of English Education, 2021) Shahi, Mohan BahadurThis research study entitled Issues in Teaching Writing at Basic Level is an attempt to explore the issues while teaching writing at basic level, I selected 30 English language teachers as the sample selected by using simple random procedure and a set of questionnaire consisting of 20 closed ended questions as data collecting tools. The study found that the teaching writing is problematic to the teachers because of the factors like poor participation of student's poor of physical facilities, lack of training, poor of grammatical knowledge, poor of vocabulary power, poor of adequate supervision etc. Similarly, students were unfamiliar with grammar and punctuation mark. Most of the teachers have issues in teaching writing and writing themes from text book due to unfamiliarity with the course content. Due to insufficient of time, most of the teachers do not prepare any materials for teaching Writing. Developing knowledge of grammar and punctuation marks is very complicated task in teaching writing process. The challenges and issues in understanding the instructional Objectives given in syllabus are because of due to use of mother tongue. Individual work, instead of peer work, due to lack of training for the teachers and lack of exposure for the teachers. Teachers suggested that teachers should be use pictures, audio and video, and they should be also provide exposure of reading materials, sharing the ideas, regular assignment, provided feedback and writing works in group and pair. It is recommended that teachers should provide exposure related to real life context. This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter includes background of the study, statement of the problem, rational of the study, objectives of the study, research questions, operational definitions of the key terms. Similarly, the second chapter is related to the review of theoretical literature, review of empirical literature, implications of the review and conceptual framework. Likewise, third chapter deals with methods and procedures of the study under which design of the study, population and sample, sampling procedures, data collection tools, data collection procedures, analysis and interpretation procedure, ethical considerations are mentioned. In the same way, the forth chapter consists of results and discussion of the study. Finally, the fifth chapter presents conclusions and implecations based on this research. References and appendices are included at end of this thesis.Item Performance of students in free writing in EFL at secondary level(Department of English Education, 2023) Bhattarai, BalaramThe present study entitled Performance of Students in Free Writing in EFL at Secondary Level was carried to evaluate the performace of secondary level students in free writing activites. I used survey research design to accomplish this study. The population of the study were students studying at secondary level in community schools at Kailash Rural Municipality, Makawanpur. Among them I selected forty students as a sample through simple non random sampling procedure. A set of questionnaire and a test item were used as the main tools for data collection. The findings of the study showed that the overall competence of the students in free writing is satisfactory as the average result obtained by the students in free writing was 55.10%. The students scored 3.5 in paragraph writing, 3.35 in dialogue writing, 3.16 in short story writing, 4.03 in email writing, 4.63 in book/movie review writing, 4.13 in brochure writing and 4.75 in essay writing as the mean score. The findings of the study also showed that the students are good in essay writing, paragraph writing, review writing and dialogue writing but weak in email writing, brochure writing and short story writing. Similarly, while analyzing the writing based on testing parameters, the students were found good in the content but not in organizational part, grammar and mechanics. This thesis has been divided into five chapters. The first chapter gives an overview of the thesis along with background and context of the study, purposes of doing the research, significance of the research, delimitations of the study and operational definitions of the key terms. The second chapter contains the relevant literature review, implications of the review of the study and conceptual framework.It shows how other researchers found audio-visual aids significant for teaching and learning language in their studies. On the other hand, the third chapter deals with the methods and procedures followed to collect data for this study and instruments used to collect the data. Similarly, the fourth chapter encompasses analysis and interpretation of the data. It presents the responses of the participants about the issues of the research. Finally, the fifth chapter provides the discussion on the result of the study that was analyzed in Chapter Four. It also contains recommendations for the policy level, practice level and further research level. Finally, in the final section, references and appendices are included.Item Proficiency of basic level students in letter writing(Department of English Education, 2017) Bashyal, HumrajThe present research study entitled “Proficiency of Basic Level Students in Letter Writing” attempts to find out the actual letter writing proficiency of the basic level students of Palpa district in Tansen municipality. To carry out the research, the researcher selected sixty students from (three institutional and three community) schools of Palpa district by using purposive random sampling procedure. A set of test items consisting of formal and informal letter writing were the tools for the data collection. The data were analyzed and interpreted in accordance with the set of objectives. The students of institutional schools were seen more proficient than the students of community schools. Among the students of all selected schools, the students of NHSS were found to be the most proficient and the students of PPSS were found to be the least proficient. Comparatively girl’s performance was better than boys in overall in letter writing. Similarly, the students were more proficient in informal letter writing than formal writing. This thesis comprises five main chapters. The first chapter deals with introduction which consists of overview, general background, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, significance of the study and delimitations of the study. The second chapter deals with overview, review of related literature which consists of review of related theoretical and empirical literature, implication of the review for the study, and theoretical and conceptual framework. The third chapter deals with overview, methods and procedures of the study, field or areas of the study, sampling procedure, data / information collection tools and procedures and data analysis and interpretation procedures. Similarly, the fourth chapter consists of overview, analysis of interpretation and results. The fifth chapter deals with conclusions and recommendations on the policy related, practice related and further research related. The final section of the study includes the references and appendices.Item Proficiency of grade seven students in essay writing in Panchkhapan Municipality of Sankhuwasabha(Department of English Education, 2023) Limbu, SumitraThe present study entitled Proficiency of Grade Seven Students in Essay Writing in Panchkhapan Municipality of Sankhuwasabha aimed to find out the proficiency of grade seven students in essay writing in public schools. The researcher selected forty students from five different schools of Panchkhapan municipality in Sankhuwasabha district through purposive convenient sampling procedure. The test items were used (i.e., five essay types questions) as the main tool for data collection. The collected data were analyzed and interpreted with the help of the tables and using statistical tools such as mean and percentage. The finding of the study showed that most of the students were found better in content, grammar, correctness, coherence and cohesion respectively but they were found weak in selection of the appropriate vocabulary and punctuation marks. Likewise, most of students were found weak or lacking knowledge in three basic parts (introduction, body and conclusion) of the essay. The finding also showed that most of students have good knowledge on content in the comparison to other components of the essay. Similarly, this study found that the students’ proficiency level in essay writing is acceptable. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter deals with the introduction of the topic in which background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, and the significance of the study, delimitation of the study and operational definition of key terms. The second chapter covers the related theoretical review, review of related empirical literature, implications of the review for the study and conceptual framework. The third chapter deals with methods and procedures of the study which includes design and methodology of the study, population, sample and sampling strategy, research tools, sources of data, data collection procedures and ethical considerations. The fourth chapter deals with analysis and interpretation of the results. It also includes analysis of the collected data, interpretation the results and findings. The fifth chapter deals with conclusions and implementation followed by references and appendices. The implications are subsumed under policy related, practice related and further research related respectively.Item Spelling proficiency of grade nine students(Department of English Educaion, 2022) Dhami, ManjuThis research entitled Spelling Proficiency of Grade Nine Students examined spelling proficiency of grade nine students studying in different institutional and community schools of Surkhet district. It was survey research where sample of the study were 40 students studying in grade nine in Surkhet district. The participants for the study were selected by using non-random purposive sampling technique. In order to reach requirement of the sample size ten students: five girls and five boys were selected from each schools; two institutional and two community schools. Similarly, the required data were collected through dictation and spelling contest using a paragraph and a list of words. The answers of the respondents were analyzed and interpreted quantitatively. It was found out that the spelling proficiency of grade nine students was good (based on predetermined marking criteria) as they achieved more than 50%. In comparison to institutional and community school, the students of institutional schools were found better at spelling and among boys and girls, the boys were more proficient than the girls in their spelling proficiency. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter incorporates background of the study. It also presents statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations of the study and operational definitions of the key terms. Similarly, the second chapter consists of the review of the theoretical literature, review of empirical literature, implications of review for the study, and theoretical framework. The third unit consists of design of the study, population and sample, sampling procedure, data collection tools and procedures of data collection. In the same way, chapter four consists of analysis and interpretation of the information obtained from the selected respondents. The final fifth chapter deals with summary, conclusion, and implications along with some recommendations.Item Strategies Adopted and the Difficulties Faced by Secondary Level Teachers of Institutional School in Teaching English Writing Skills(Department of English Education, 2023) Pokhrel, KamalAvailable with full text