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Item Analysis of Teaching Short Stories Through Montessori Techniques(Department of English Education, 2011) Bhusal, Top PrasadThe present study entitled "Analysis of Teaching Short Stories ThroughMontessori Techniques" is an attempt to find out the techniques adopted by theteachers in teaching short stories at pre-primary level Montessori schools. In orderto fulfil the objectives of the study, two research tools viz.,class observation formand questionnaire totheMontessori trainerswere used. Thetotalsample size ofthe study consisted of 6 Montessori trainers and 10 teachers who were working inMontessori schools. The questionnaires were administered on the trainers and theclassroom activities of the teacherswere observed using an observation checklist.The sample was taken using non-random judgmental samplingprocedure. Thefindings of the study revealed thatalmost all theteachersmotivated their studentsafter entering the classroom. But the degree and way of theirmotivationwasvaried. Majority of the teachers, about90per cent,considered the age and level ofthe childrendistinctlywhereas 10per centof them considered itmoderately.Similarly, almost alltheteachers used visual aids in teaching stories but thequality andway ofusing the visual aids was different from teacher to teacher. This thesis is organized in four chapters. The first chapter presents the generalbackground on teaching story undertheMontessori education system inMontessoriclasses including the concept of Montessoriphilosophy, Montessoricurriculum, featuresand importanceof Montessori technique,techniquesofteaching story etc. The second chapter is concerned with the methodology used inthe study, under which sources of data, sampling procedure, tools for datacollection, process of data collection and limitations of thestudy are described.Chapterthree deals with the analysis and interpretations of the data. The analysiswasdonein two sections. Section 'A' deals with the analysis of collected data interms of trainers' response and section 'B' deals with the analysisof collected datainterms of techniques used byMontessoriteachers in teaching story at pre-primary levelMontessoriclasses. The final chapter lists the major findings andrecommendations of the study.References and appendices are added to thefinalchapter.Item A Comparative Analysis on Inventory Management of Dairy Development Corporation and Sitaram Gokul Milk Pvt Ltd.(Faculty of Management, 2008) Rawal, DeepakNot availableItem Effectiveness of Group Work Technique in Teaching Reading Comprehension(Department of English Education, 2013) Acharya, BhagwatiThe preset study“Effectiveness of Group Work Technique in Teaching Reading Comprehension”is an attempt to find out the effectiveness of group work technique in developing reading comprehension ability of grade nine students. I conducted an experimental research to determine the effectiveness of group work technique. With the help of test items I collected data from the sampled population of thirty two students of grade nine of a community school in Lalitpur. A pre-test was administered to determine the students' initial proficiency on the selected item. Then they were taught twenty five periods altogether. During that period, three progress tests were administered at the interval of five class periods each. Finally, a post-test was administered. The test items given for the post-test were the ones given in the pre-test. Through analysis and interpretation of the collected data it was found that group work technique was more effective than usual classroom technique in developing reading comprehension ability of the students. This study consists of four main chapters and other many sub-chapters. chapter one is an introductory chapter which includes general background, review of related literature, objectives of the study and significance of the study.Similarly, chapter two includes the methodology adopted to complete the research. It particularly contains sources of data, population of the study,sampling procedure, tools and processes of data collection and limitations of the study. Likewise, third chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of the data. Chapter four consists of the findings and recommendations of the study based on the analysis and interpretation of the data. Finally, the last part of the study includes references and appendices respectively.Item Effectiveness of Teaching Prepositions through Discovery Techniques(Department of English Education, 2012) Gyawali, Netra PrasadThe present thesis entitled Effectiveness of Teaching Prepositions Through Discovery Technique aims at finding the effectiveness of discovery technique in teaching prepositions.Forty students of grade nine, studying at Shree Padam Bahadur Secondary School, Balithum, Gulmi were the sample population of this research. The researcher involved in the experimental teaching for the purpose of carrying out the research. The two types of test (pre-test and post-test) were major tools for data collection. A pre-test was administered before the actual classroom teaching. The students were ranked from the first to the fortith position on the basis of the result of the pre-test.They were divided into two groups on the basic of odd-even ranking of individual scores.Then, group A was taken as an experimental group and was taught through discovery technique whereas the group B was taken as a controlled group and was taught through explanation technique. Each group was taught 24 lessons. Then, a post-test was given. After that, the two tests were compared to find out the effectiveness of discovery technique in teaching 'prepositions'.The main finding of this study is that teaching prepositions through discovery technique is more effective than teaching through explanation technique. This thesis is organized in four chapters.Chapter one consists of a brief introduction about the related area of the study. It further includes the objectives and significance of the study.Chapter two deals with the methodology adopted during the study.Chapter three consists of analysis and interpretation of data. The data have been mainly analyzed and interpreted on the basis of the difference between the average score percentage of each group in the pre -test and post -test. Chapter four presents findings and recommendations of the study which is followed by references and appendices.Item Effectivenessof Simulation Technique in Teaching Language Functions(2010) Rai, GovindaThe present study entitled “Effectiveness of Simulation Technique in Teaching LanguageFunctions” endeavors to find out the effectiveness of simulation in teaching languagefunctions at secondary level and aims at suggesting some pedagogical implications.Tothisend, Ipurposively selected a government school,Gokundeshwor Higher SecondarySchoolfrom Dhankuta district. In order to collect data,both the primary and secondarysources were used. Twenty studentsofGrade IX whowere selected by using simplerandomsampling procedure, were involved in this study. The students were divided intotwo groups’experimentalgroupand controlledgroup. The main tools for data were testitems. A pre-test was administered before students were divided into two groups. Boththe groups were taught for 25 days.The experimental group was taught by usingsimulation technique and the controlled group was taught as usual classroom techniques.After experimental teaching, the post-test was administered by using the same sets oftestitems that were administered in the pre-test. After analysis and interpretation of the data,the experimentalgroup which was taught by using simulation excelled the controlledgroup by 27.73% in functional category and 29.93% in item category holistically. Thus,Ican saythat the simulation technique was more effective, interactive and interesting thanusual classroom techniques like discussion and lecture. The thesis has been divided into four chapters. The first chapter consists of thebackgroundof the study, review of the related literature and objectives of the study.Chapter two deals with the methodology adopted for the study under which the sources ofdata, sampling procedures, tools for data collection, process of data collection andlimitationsof the study are presented. Likewise,chapter three presents the analysis andinterpretation of the collected data. In this section,both the statistical as well asdescriptive approaches have been used. Finally, the presentresearchsummarizes thewhole study by presenting findings and suggesting some recommendations. Thereferences and appendices form the concluding part of the thesis.Item Impact of Sales Promotion of Electronic Goods with SpecialReference to Samsung and L.G.(Department of Management, 2010) Bajracharya, LokeshNot availableItem Indigenous Knowledge and Resources for Sustainable Livelihood Approach: A Comparative Study of Livelihoods of Sankharapur Municipality Pre and Post-Earthquake(Central Department of Rural Development, 2019) Shrestha, SabinThe modern perspective regards indigenous construction practices as primitive, undeveloped and backward. They may be valid if they measure quality of life on the basis of luxury. But if they measure it on the basis of happiness, wellbeing and pride then traditional buildings can be an alternative. Use of indigenous materials and techniques is one of the main features of vernacular building. Indigenous knowledge has been founded on principles and understanding acquired from long tasting and experience by our ancestors to enhance sustainable development endeavours. The main objective of the study entitled “Indigenous knowledge and resources for sustainable livelihood approach: A comparative study of Sankharapur Municipality pre and post-earthquake.” is to assess the relation between IK and resources and sustainable livelihoods on the basis of five assets of capital prepared by DFID. Assessment of livelihood was based on field survey, observation, Interview and Focus Group Discussion where judgmental scoring method was applied. Structured and unstructured questionnaire tools were developed to collect data. It was developed on the basis of Sustainable Livelihood Framework Guidance Sheet. 40HH sample were chosen on random basis for questionnaire and interview was done to 8 local persons. Indigenous buildings are less vulnerable to earthquake. The technology of using wooden sill and lintel band around the buildings makes indigenous buildings safer during earthquake. Thermal behaviour of indigenous buildings are good which makes least use of thermal appliance to the user of the building resulting in the low operational cost. IK and resources also impact on socio-economic, environmental & cultural identity of building. Indigenous materials being entirely natural have no impacts on environment. The architecture of indigenous buildings are such that it offers maximum social interactions preserving its own cultural heritage. As for sustainable livelihood development, indigenous materials have potential to evolve and to be adapted to contemporary needs, helping to reduce embodied energy and environmental impacts and revive cultural heritage. Therefore, this paper addresses indigenous knowledge and resources as a sustainable livelihood approach in the context of Sankharapur and recommended to develop policies like subsidizing tax on using indigenous materials and techniques encouraging local people to adopts such knowledge.Item Loss of Cultural Meaning in Translation(Faculty of Education Tribhuvan University, 2017) Rai, AjambarThe present study entitled Loss of Cultural Meaning in Translation; A Case of Muna Madan was an attempt to find out the loss of cultural meaning in translation of the episodic poem „Muna Madan‟. The books „Muna Madan‟ in Nepali version written by Laxmi Prasad Devkota and Devkota‟s Muna Madan translated by Michael Hutt were taken as population of this study. Fifty five different cultural words comprised the samples of this study which were selected through non random sampling procedure. Survey design of the study along with qualitative data was used. It was found that the status of meaning loss was found 41.82 % due to mistranslation. The major cause of cultural meaning loss is the lack of cultural equivalent terms in the target language. The thesis has been divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduces the background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance, delimitations of the study, and operational definition of the key terms of the study. The two chapter deals with the review of literature, review of empirical literature, implication of the overview for the study and conceptual framework. The third chapter contains the design and methods of the study, population, sample and sampling strategy, study area, data collection tool and techniques, data collection procedure and data analysis and interpretation. The fourth chapter presents the analysis of data and interpretation of results along with its summary /discussion of findings. Finally the fifth chapter provides conclusions and recommendations on the basis of the findings. The references and appendices are also mentioned at the end of this thItem Moivational Techniques Used In Teaching English At Basic Level(Department of English, 2021) Chalaune, SunitaThe present research work entitled Motivational Techniques Used in Teaching English at Basic Level aimed to find out the different motivational techniques used in basic level and to explore the teachers' perception on the role of motivation to basic level language learners. For this study,three English language teachers were selected from Kathmandu district and five classes of each teacher (i.e. 15 classes) were observed. The sample of this study was selected through purposive non-random sampling procedure. Interview and classroom observation were used as the main tools for data collection. The collected data from field were analyzed qualitatively. The major finding of this study included that basic level teachers used different motivational strategies like group work/ pair work, praising, use of teaching materials, rewarding to motivate their students in learning, involving them collaborative,communicative skills as well in creative and productive task. In the same way,basic level teachers faced some challenges like over crowed classroom with different ability students, lack of sufficient time, ignorance of guardians to their children learning activities, lack of teaching resources while teaching English subject in community school.All the teachers are in the favor of effective,appropriate,applicable and practical motivational techniques were use in the classroom to improve the students' academic performance and achievement. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter deals with the background of the study, statement of the problem,objective of the study,research questions, delimitation of the study and operational definition of the key terms. The second chapter includes review of related theoretical literature;review of empirical literature; implication of the review of the study and conceptual framework. Likewise, the third chapter includes with design and method of the study, population, sample and sampling strategies, research tools, source of data, data collection procedures, data analysis and interpretation procedures and ethical consideration. Similarly, fourth chapter presents the analysis of data and interpretation of the results and ultimately, the fifth chapter includes findings, conclusion and recommendation at three different areas (policy related, practice related, and further research related) followed by references and appendices.Item Performance Evaluation of Nepal Bangladesh Bank(Department of Management, 2011) Shrestha, ShreejanaNot availableItem Rapid Need Assessment in Ten VDCs of Nawalparasi District A Case Study to Assess the Needs of Community Development With focusing to Conflict Affected People(Department of Rural Development, 2010) Thapa, TarakThe RNA study pursues the overall objective to coverage of two major strategic components one is enhancement the capacity of the local health institutions and second is to promoting livelihoods of the conflict affected vulnerable groups. The target group includes conflict affected population as well as excluded and vulnerable groups particularly rural poor, children, women, Dalits, people with disabilities, and ethnic minorities. Final beneficiaries are poor and marginalized people living in the rural area. The Rapid Need Assessment (RNA) is conducted as a first and foremost activity to find out the institutional capacity of the health institution and identify the target group to identify the possible activities. In this district ten VDCs have been selected for the study, namely Dedgaon, Ruchang, Mithukaram, Naram, Jaubari, Bharatipur, Deurali, Agyouli, Kawasoti and Shivamandir. As we see the status of conflict affected people in number with types in this district that are as follows. Among ten VDCs not equally affected by the conflict as a secondary source of information that we have found these status of conflict affected where 27 persons were killed, 13 were seriously injured, 14 were arrested and torture even beating, 63 were got threatened and two were lost their property due to confiscated. But after verified during the RNA we have got updated information about conflict affected people are as follows that 30 persons were killed, 13 were injured, 14 were kidnapped, 22 were traumatized, 7 were missing and 7 were displaced. In the figures of damaged public infrastructure such as VDC building out of that VDC building of Deurali was completely damaged by bomb explode but now this building is rebuilt with support of the government. Likewise, VDC building of Shivamandir also partially damaged due to same cause of incident during the course of conflict which is not yet renovated and remaining VDC building were not seen as dismantled even during the conflict. As we see that existing available health facilities and their capacity are not enough however all health institution are running in its own building which is normally in good condition but some of them are need to repair. In many areas such health institution has been covering its own periphery catchments and in most of part where people are compelled to walk more to get health facility, it means accessibility of health service is poor in terms of not located at suitable center. We could not get any record of treatment to conflict victims for any purpose in any health institution and health management committee is functional but not playing pro-active role. Likewise, health personnel also not in sufficient number it means sanctioned against fulfillment of required post and trend of absents also another problem was observed during the RNA. The final beneficiaries and target groups of this study are conflict affected people, vulnerable, Dalits, women, children, marginalized, ethnic minority and rural poor. Study has targeted socio economic intervention on conflict affected and vulnerable communities whereas RNA task is fed, informed and shaped by the views, voices and existing situation of target community, HH and even persons. The main objectives of RNA task were to identify the conflict people under categorized types and numbers based on secondary data and analyze the situation of existing vulnerable communities in the selected areas in order to capture their needs, demand and priorities to be addressed by any project during implementation as far as practicable.Item Role of Classroom Observation Technique in Teachers’ Development(Department of English Education, 2013) Chand, Bharat KumarThis research study entitled “roles of Classroom Observation Technique in Teachers’ Development” aimed at identifying actual Roles, ideas, and nature of feedback from the observation given by the master teachers and supervisors.The researcher collected the data both form primary and secondary sources.The researcher selected the twenty government aided schools located in Salyan district. Forty English teachers teaching at lower secondary level were selected for the observation through checklist. The researcher followed the qualitative approach for the in-depth study to find out the actual situation of English classroom and teaching ways of teachers. Hence, analysis and interpretation of data is done through the process of content analysis but quantification is also done to the frequent activities of teachers.This concludes that classroom observation is that strong means of feedback through which teachers’professional development is possible. It has considered that class observation has great influence in improving the week classroom teaching.It functions asmini-training for the teachers. While observing their classes it was found that large number of teachers was unsuccessful to do theRoleive teaching at while teaching stage as they had no idea to make the students participate, to use student centered method and to use authentic material. But after giving them feedback and motivation this rate was decreased.This research work encompasses four chapters. The first chapter deals with introduction which comprises background of study, review of related literature,objectives and significance of the study. The second part deals with the methodology section, main governing part of research. It includes the methodological considerations which reveals direction and builds the ground for the study, sources of data, tools for data, data collection procedures and limitation of study. Similarly, third chapter includes the analysis and interpretation of the data. The available data from the different sources and tools were analyzed and interpreted under the separate headings. Then, findings were deduced. The forth chapter presents the finding and recommendations.The final section ends with references and appendices used in the research.Item Server-Side Protection of Web Application Against Cross-Site Scripting Attack(Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, 2009) Subedi, Tek RajWeb applications are accessed using the Internet and face risks associated with usage of the Internet. There are different attacking techniques against clients while using Web application. The attack using XSS attack technique is frequent. XSS attack is an attack on the privacy of client, by injecting malicious code to vulnerable Web site and forcing the client to click it. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is one of the most common application level attacks that attackers use to sneak into the Web applications today. The goal of the XSS attack is to steal the client cookies, or any other sensitive information, which can identify the client with the Web site. With the token of the legitimate user at hand, the attacker can proceed to act as the user in his/her interaction with the site-specifically impersonate the user. In this dissertation/thesis work, the study of different attacking techniques through XSS on the Web application has been shown and addressed some of the prevention techniques, which is related with the filtration (input and output) mechanism through server-side. XSS attack is the attack against Web application and that harms the user or client. Depending on the position of the provided solution for the client in the Web application, solutions are divided into three classes: client-side solution, server-side solution, and third party application fire-wall. Solution has been given through server-side for the client. Different formats for the filtration have defined using regular expression. It has been analyzed to which condition which provided filtering formats are when appropriate. The comparisons have shown among the defined formats within the server-side solution. The comparison is not about the execution efficiency but it’s about the malicious input format filtering situation. If the same domain is used any number of attacking messages according to defined format can be filtered. Since XSS attack is vague subject, it covers some specified condition following the research view.Item Study of Quality Improvement System (A case study of National Medical College,Teaching Hospital Birgunj)(Department of Management, 2010) Sitaula, Ram KumarNot availableItem teachers'knowledge of teachingtechniquesandtheir applications(Faculty of Education, 2009) Sharma, Krishna RajThis thesis entitled " Teachers' knowledge of TeachingTechniquesandTheirApplications" is an attempt to identify teachers' knowledge of teachingtechniquesandtheir applicationsin English classrooms. In naturethisstudy isa survey type of research. The researcher selected 12 different public schools ofKathmandu district. The primary sources of data for the study were thesecondary level English teachers of Kathmandu district. The researcherselected twelve secondary level English teachers of twelve different publicschools using purposive non-random sampling procedure. The observationchecklist and the setof questionnaire were the major tools for data collection.After preparing tools for data collection, the researcherobserved theclassesoftwelve teachers and requested then to fill in the questionnaires. Only sevenclasses of each of the teachers were observed. Majority of the teachersprovided correct responses in the questionnaires but they did not use thedifferenttechniquesinclassroom situation. Thus, it was found that teachershadtheoretical knowledge of techniques but in comparison to their theoreticalknowledgethey did notuseall techniques equally inthe classroom. Thethesisconsists of four chapters. Chapter one basically deals with the studyin terms of general background, review of related literature, objectives andsignificance of the study. Chapter twoincludes the methodology that consistsof sources of data, population of the study, sampling procedure,tools for datacollection, process of datacollectionand limitations of the study. Chapter threedeals with an analysis and interpretation of the collected data. This chaptermainly consists of the teachers'theoretical knowledgefoundoutonthe basis ofresponses provided on questionnaires by teachers and applications oftechniques in classroom. Then chapter four deals with the findings,recommendations and pedagogical implications of the study. The referencesand appendixes are the concluding parts of the study.Item Teachers’ Perception onStudent-centered Techniques(Department of English Education, 2011) Pathak, LaxmiThe present studyentitled ‘Teachers'perceptionon student-centredtechniques’ is an attempt tofind outthe teachers’ perceptiononstudent- centred techniquesfrom higher secondary level of public vs. private schoolEnglish teachers’, and aim at suggesting some pedagogical implications. Inorder tocollect the data, the primary and secondary sources were used. Forty teachers teaching at higher secondary level ofKathmandu districtwereinvolved as informants in this study. The main tool for data collection was questionnaire. The participants were requested to response to those questions.The raw data obtained from them were analyzed and interpreted statistically as well as descriptively. After analysis and interpretation of the data, it is foundthat teachers had very positive view about using the students-centred techniques in the classroom. In addition, it is found that a short of languageskills and aspects can be taught using the students-centred techniques. The present study consists of four chapters. The first chapter deals with generalbackground, objectives and significance of the study, and review of related literature. Chapter two deals with the methodology of the study,which consistsof sources of data,tools and process of data collection, and limitations of the study.Likewise, chapter three deals with the analyzingand interpretationof thedata.In this section, descriptive approaches have been used. Finally, chapter four deals withfindingsof study and its recommendations for pedagogicalimplications.Item Teaching Tense through Discovery Technique(Central Department of Education English, 2012) Sah, Pramod KumarThis thesis is an effort to find out the effectiveness of teaching tense throughdiscovery technique. It has been carried out practically. Thirty students studying ingrade nine from Shree Pashupati Adarsh Higher Secondary School Lahan were thesample population for this work. Before starting the class, the students were pre-tested to determine their proficiency level in tense. After analyzing the scores ofpre-test, real teaching was started and progress test was administered in the intervalof seven days.After teaching for 20 days, the post-test was undertaken using thesame pre-test items. The results of pre-test, progress test and post test wereanalysed to determine the effectiveness of discovery technique in teaching tense.The findings of this studyshow that teaching tense through discovery technique iseffective. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter deals with generalbackground of the study, review of the related literature, objectives andsignificance of the study. The second chapter includes the sources of data,population of the study, sampling procedure, tools for data collection, process ofdata collection and limitations of the study. The third chapter deals with theanalysis and interpretation of data which has been done on the basis of differencesamong the average score in percentage inpre-test, progress test and post test.Chapter four includes the findings and recommendations with the help of analysisand interpretation. Final part of the thesis contains references and appendices.Item The Techniques and Gaps in Translation of Cultural Terms: A Case of Muna-Madan(Central department of English Education, 2012) Bhattarai, NirmalaThe present research work entitled 'The Techniques and Gaps in Translation of Cultural Terms: A Case of Muna Madan' is an attempt to find out the techniques employed in translation of Nepali cultural terms into English version of Muna Madan and to point out the gaps in translating process contextually. The data for the study was collected from Muna Madan and its English translated version. In this research work, one hundred cultural terms were identified and those terms were categorized into five categories as ecology, material culture, religious culture social culture and organization and conceptual terms. Findings of the study show that nine different techniques were found to have been employed in translating cultural words of Muna Madan. Literal translation, transference, substitution, claque, blending, deletion, and sense translation have been applied in translation of cultural words. Among them, literal translation was the most frequent one which covered 30% and deletion was the least one which covered 1% of the total cultural words. The techniques such as literal translation, transference, substitution and elaboration are found as techniques to translate the cultural terms. Very few instances of gaps were found in translation process because of the use of inappropriate techniques. In most of the cases, gaps were existed while translating through substitution. Other gaps were existed through the use of elaboration, substitution, literal, deletion and substitution. This study is divided into four chapters. Every chapter consists of necessary headings and sub headings. Chapter one introduces the study in terms of general background, review of the literature, objectives and significance of the study. Chapter two deals with the methodology under which sources of data, process of data collection and limitations of the study are presented. Chapter three is the core study, which presents statistical analysis and interpretation of the data. Descriptive and analytical approaches are used to analyze the data. Chapter four discusses the findings of the study. On the basis of findings, some x recommendations and pedagogical implications are suggested. The references are the concluding parts of the study.Item The Techniques and Gaps in Translation of Cultural Terms: a Case of the Novel 'The Good Earth'(Faculty of education, 2008) Karki, Shanti KumarThis thesis entitled " The Techniques and Gaps in Translationof Cultural Terms: A Case of the novelThe Good Earth" is an attempt to find out the techniques and their frequency employed in translating cultural terms. The main purpose of this study is to observe and classifythe gaps in the translation by using different techniques. The data for the study were collected from the novel 'TheGood Earth' and its Nepali translated version 'Kalyani Dharati'. In thisresearch work two hundred and fifty cultural terms were identified andthose terms were categorized into five categories. The researcher selectedsixty terms with focus on translational gaps. Findings of the study show that ten different techniques werefound to have been employed in translating cultural words of the novel'The Good Earth'. There were many instances of the use of non-corresponding meaning components, which lead gaps in translation. Sothe meaning gaps exist between SL terms and TL terms. Eighttypes/categories of gaps were found in this study. This thesis consists of four chapters. Chapter one introducesthe study in general background, literature review, objectives,significance of the study and definition of specific terms. Chapter two,i.e. methodology, includes on the sources of data, sampling, tools for datacollection, process of data collection and limitations of the study.Chapterthree presents an analysis and interpretation of the collected data. In thischapter, data are analyzed and interpretated through statistical anddescriptive approach.Chapter four presents the findings of the study onthe basis of the analysis and interpretation of data. On the basis of the findings some recommendations and pedagogical implications are drawn. The references and appendices are the concluding parts of the thesis.Item Techniques and Gaps in Translation of Cultural Terms: A Case of the Novel “Phoolko Atanka”(Department of English Education, 2010) Dhakal, ChapalaThe present study is entitled ‘The Techniques and Gaps in Translation of Cultural Terms: A case of the novel “Phoolko Atanka’ is an attempt to find out the techniques adopted in translation of the cultural terms and observe the gaps in the process of translation. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the techniques of translation of cultural words and to find out the gaps. For this purpose, the researcher collected two hundred cultural terms as sample of data for the study from Nepali version of the novel Phoolko Atanka and the corresponding words from the English version of the same book. She selected only one hundred and fifty cultural terms out of a two hundred from selected list. She categorized them into five different categories. Ten different techniques such as literal substitution, addition, deletion, claque, back translation borrowing, definition, blending were found to have been employed in translating the cultural terms of the novel. Among them literal translation was most frequent which covers 33.3% and blending was the least one which covers 1.3%. Similarly six types of gaps were found in this study. This thesis is divided into four chapters. Chapter one introduces general background, review of related literature, objectives of the study and significances of the study. The second chapter deals with methodology adopted for the study. It encompasses source of data, process of data collection and limitations of the study Chapter three presents an analysis and interpretation of the data. In this chapter data have been analyzed and interpreted through statistical ad descriptive approach. Chapter four presents the findings from the analysis of data. On the basis of the findings some recommendations and pedagogical implications have been given.